Newman能源机-翻译版-前9章.docVIP

历史的回顾 非重点 第2章回转仪（陀螺仪Chapter 2 GYROSCOPIC ACTIONS 注：mechanical开始解释成“机械的”，后来改为“力学的”，在有“机械”或“力学”的翻译处可能不通，不影响理解。 The way in which Faraday made use of his lines of force in coordinating the phenomena of electric induction shows him to have been a mathematician of high order, and one from whom the mathematicians of the future may derive valuable and fertile methods. -James Clerk Maxwell 法拉第用力线表示电感应现象展示了他已经是一个有很高水平的数学家，未来的数学家可能从他的方法中得到宝贵和丰富的方法。 -麦克斯韦 begin with the scientific facts concerning my initial reading in March, 1965 on the nature of Michael Faradays Generator. 我将从我在1965年3月开始读的迈克尔 Anyone who cannot recognize the veracity of certain conclusions that I understood when I initially studied Faradays facts has been unjustly influenced by the teaching process which rewards one for memorization and discourages questioning of the subject matter taught. 所有人都没有认识到某些结论的真像，当我开始学习法拉第的研究时我已经明白了，这些事实被不鼓励质疑鼓励死记硬背的教学过程不公正的影响了。 As you read the following list of experimental facts concerning Faradays generator, you will retrace the steps of my initial readings during March 1965. With open eyes and an open mind, question for yourself what would happen under the conditions described below.* 当你读下面的关于法拉第的发电机实验事实时，你将追溯我在1965年的步伐。打开双眼打开思想，问你自己在下面描述的情况下会发生什么。 The facts of Faraday’s Generator: 法拉第的发电机的事实： Push a conductor wire down and through a magnetic field at right angles to the lines of force and the electric current will flow to the left as drawn. 注：如图1中运动导线会产生向左的电流。 Push a conductor up and through a magnetic field at right angles to the lines of force and the electric current flows to the right as drawn (opposite to Figure 1 above). 注：如图2中运动导线会产生向右的电流。 Flip over the magnet 1800 and the direction of the electric current flow will be reversed from that of Figures 1 and 2 above, although the direction and motion of the conductor remain the same (compare Figure 3 to Figure 1 and observe opposite results). 注：对换磁极，运动方向不变，电流方向变了。 Push the conductor down or up in a motion parallel to, and thr