英语专业翻译unit1.pptVIP

1.Definitions 2. Criteria: Faithfulness, smoothness 3. Requirements for translation 1.Definitions 翻译是把一种语言表达的意义用另一种语言传达出来，以达到沟通思想情感、传播文化知识、促进社会文明，特别是推动译语文化兴旺昌盛的目的。 2. Two fundamental criteria Faithfulness/accuracy and smoothness 3. How to develop as a translator? Definitions 1.1 Languages and meaning “translate” in The Oxford English Dictionary： “to turn from one language into another”； In Webster’s Third New International Dictionary of the English Language： “to turn into one’s own or another language” Comments: 明确--- task “翻译” 《辞海》《汉语大词典》 --- “把一种语言文字的意义用另一种语言文字表达出来。” 在两种语言间转换意义 complicated “meaning” 刘宓庆 《现代翻译理论》“语际意义”---六种:概念（主题）意义，语境意义，形式意义，风格意义，形象意义，文化意义 California is earthquake country. “加利福尼亚是地震区 。”; “加利福尼亚那一带地震可多着呢。” “您过奖了。” “You are overpraising me.”; “Thank you.” Meaning is related to other aspects as well as the words. “message” Eugene A. Nida --Theory and Practice of Translation: “Translation consists in reproducing(再现) in the receptor language (接受语) the closest natural equivalent (对等) of the source-language (源出语）message (信息), first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. 翻译是指在译语中用最贴近而又自然的对等语再现原文的信息,首先在语义上，其次在文体上再现原语的信息。 Comments---“信息”： 1）语义； 2）文体 (not just meaning of words) 传统翻译观念： 语际间的意义转换 1.2 Purpose of translation 翻译活动明确的目的性(social nature)：社会的进步 Translation is indispensable to civilization. 西欧文明：“归功于翻译者” Buddhist Scriptures (佛经) Eastern Han（25-220）, Sui Dynasty (581-618) , Tang Dynasty (618-907)， Song and Yuan Dynasty（1271-1368） Over a thousand years 支谦, 道安, 鸠摩罗什,玄奘 Western works Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)-徐光启, 利玛窦（Ricci）, Qing Dynasty (1644-1911): 林纾（180 literary works), 严复 (social and political works), Period of Republic of China (1912-1949): 鲁迅, 郭沫若，瞿秋白，茅盾（Russian socialist works, English, French and German realistic and romantic works) After the Founding of New China (1949-) 明末清初的科技翻译: 1607 , 徐光启、利马窦 ( Matteo Ricci) 《几何原本》古希腊人欧几里得 Euclid 《几何原本》 Elements 林纾(185