减震器结构-教学课件.pptVIP

温度的影响 Temperature effects Expansion of gas: ~ PV/T = cte Linear expansion of steel: 12 x 10-6 °K-1 Cubic expansion of oil: 780 x 10-6 °K-1 STEEL OIL gas pressure will raise due to T increase V decrease 油液粘度！ rebound stop REBOUND STOP SYSTEM STANDARD: Rebound bumpers PREMIUM: Rebound springs * ADVANCED: Hydraulic stop system 减震器调教车内部 Thanks! * Dynamic 减震器原理、结构、特性 减震器必要性 No spring No damper With spring No damper With spring With damper 当车架（或车身）和车桥间震动而出现相对运动时，减震器内的活塞上下移动，减震器腔内的油液便反复地从一个腔经过不同的孔隙流入另一个腔内。此时孔壁与油液间的摩擦和油液分子间的内摩擦对震动形成阻尼力，使汽车震动能量转化为油液热能，再由减震器吸收散发到大气中。在油液通道截面和等因素不变时，阻尼力随车架与车桥（或车轮）之间的相对运动速度增减，并与油液粘度有关。 布置形式 shock coil-over shock strut 外观 shock coil-over shock strut 分类 Mono tube Double tube Triple tube 单、双筒的对比 seal friction aeration draining push out force weight speed/flow relation strut application cost cooling swish noise response chuckle noise assy position 理论 Simplified formula : Δ P = ?.k.ρ.v2 = ?.k.ρ.Q2/Ares2 Bernoulli principle 以双筒为例的工作原则 REBOUND COMPRESSION Rebound valve Rebound intake Compression valve Compression intake F = F1+F2-F3 + Ffric F1 = Patm x Arod F3 = Plc x Abore F2 = Puc x Abore-rod low high Pressure color code 工作压力 2000 N 2000 N 2000 N 2000 N 8 bar 30 bar 52 bar 3 bar 4 bar 52 bar 30 bar 4 bar 157 bar 167 bar MT 36-11 DT 25,4 -11 特性曲线 阀系 直堆 塔堆 阀片外径一致 阀片外径递减 阀片 对于活塞杆、内筒的表面处理和阀片尺寸公差都有很高的要求，好的表面处理对减少摩擦、内泄、耐久、一致性都有利；阀片的尺寸公差往往直接影响力值稳定； 麦弗逊前减的活塞杆-粗壮 曲线 曲线 Velocity Force Bleed Orifice Blow-Off Mid-Range 调教范围 Bleed: Influences rolling feel and early transient body control modes (bounce, pitch, roll) Blow-Off to Early Orifice: primary body control modes motions, wheel control (shake), impact harshness Orifice: impact harshness, loads，High speed damping is used to address events like potholes, drop offs, crash through and topping. In a lot of modern vehicles the use of jounce bumpers, rebound springs and hydraulic rebound stops is becoming popular. 都是大概的原则，实际调教过程需要根据车型不同做平衡，有时可能不太一样；