电子通信英语第三章.pptVIP

Chapter3 communications Unit 14 Basic Knowledge of Communications Unit15 Mobile communication Unit 16 Broadband Communication Unit 17 Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Unit 14 Basic Knowledge of Communications Communication System A generalized communication system has the following components (as shown in Fig. 3-1): (a)Information Source. This produces a message which may be written or spoken words, or some from of data. (b)Transmitter. The transmitter converts the message into a signal, the from of which is suitable for transmission over the communication channel. Unit 14 Basic Knowledge of Communications (c)Communication Channel. The communication channel is the medium used transmit the signal, from the transmitter to the receiver. The channel may be a radio link or a direct wire connection. (d)Receiver. The receiver can be thought of as the inverse of the transmitter. It changes the received signal back into a message and passes the message on to its destination which may be a loudspeaker, teleprinter or computer data bank. An unfortunate characteristic of all communication channels is that noise is added to the signal. This unwanted noise may cause distortions of sound in a telephone, or errors in a telegraph message or data. Unit 14 Basic Knowledge of Communications Frequency Division Multiplexing Frequency Division Multiplexing(FDM) is one of analog techniques. A speech signal is 0~3kHz, Single sideband amplitude (SSB) modulation can be used to transfer speech signal to new frequency bands, four similar signals, for example, moved by SSB modulation to share the band from 5 to 20kHz. The gaps between channels are known as guard spaces and these allow for errors in frequency, inadequate filtering，etc in the engineered system. Unit 14 Basic Knowledge of Communications Once this news base band signal, a “group” of 4 channels, has been formed it is moved around the trunk network as a single unit. A hierarchy can be set up with several channels forming a