四级阅读理解技巧篇第3讲.pptVIP

唐敏 Lesson Three : Question Types and Strategies (II) Local Questions Aims: 1.常见的问题形式; 2.各自的命题规律; 3.相应的答题技巧. 了解了全局型问题(global question)之后，本课将继续介绍四级阅读中的另外一大类题型——局部型问题(local question)。 局部型问题简介 : 推论题 细节题 词汇题 *要求 局部型问题要求考生对文章的细节有一定的关注。考生应在阅读时尽量深入地了解文章的细微之处，包括文章中的用词、短语、句子、句子间的逻辑关系及语法结构。 *种类 局部型问题主要涉及三类题型，即推论题(inference)、细节题(detail)和词汇(vocabulary)。以下是对这三种题型的详细介绍，同样希望学习者通过本课的学习，能够掌握关于这三种题型的常见问题形式和命题规律，并能灵活地运用各种答题技巧。 推论题 推论题要求学生在理解事实的基础上，进行推理判断，找出字里行间的意思。 *常见问题 It call be inferred from the passage that It may be inferred form the passage that We can infer from the passage that．．．—— We can conclude from the passage that— It can be concluded from the passage that———— ． This passage is most probably taken from an article entitled 命题规律 1．文章或段落的开头、结尾处 例1：(1999．1．试题) 最后一自然段： Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control the final buying decision. It can be inferred from the passage that a smart consumer should________． A．be familiar with various advertising strategies B．think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisements C．guard against the deceiving nature of advertisements D．avoid buying products that have strong emotional appeal 解释：题目所给出的关键词是“a smart consumer”，由此我们能够知道，此题是在测试：作者对精明的消费者所持的观点。所以，我们直接去题目中找相应的观点即可。从该段的前两句我们可以看出作者的观点：每位顾客都应该考虑自己的实际情况，权衡利弊，然后决定买还是不买。由此，可以推论出答案B。 2．文章或段落的主题句(见例2) 3．语意转折处 例2：(1999．6．试题) It may be inferred from the passage that——— ． A．hasn’t formed his own opinion on this problem B．has overestimated the danger of electromagnetic interference C．regards it as unreasonable to exercise a total ban during flight D．is in favor of prohibiting passengers’use of electronic devices completely 解释：从题干和选项中可以看出，此题主要是测试：作者对电磁干扰的危险性、是否在飞行期间禁止使用电子产品问题上所持的观点。首段的第一句话是段落主题句，通过转折词“but”的使用，作者鲜明地给出了自己的观点：当今,飞机飞行期间面临的最大威胁并不是持