语法精讲强化系列9.情态动词和虚拟语气.pptVIP

3. 方式状语从句中虚拟语气的用法 as if/as though+从句: (1)与现在事实相反, 从句用一般过去时; (2)与过去事实相反, 从句用过去完成时; (3)与将来事实相反, 从句谓语用would/could/might+动词原形。 *She speaks English as if/as though she were a native of New York. 【点津】as if/as though连接的从句表示很有可能的事实时, 不需用虚拟语气。 4. 一些特殊结构的虚拟语气 (1)在条件句中的省略: 如果虚拟条件句中含有were, should, had三个词, 可将if省略, 把这三个词前置于主语之前, 形成部分倒装。 *Were I in your position, I would do the same. (2)错综时间虚拟句: 当条件状语从句所表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时, 这种虚拟条件句称为错综时间虚拟句。动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。 *If you had taken the doctor’s advice, you would be better now. (3)含蓄虚拟条件句: 有时假设的情况并不以条件句表示出来, 而是暗含在上下文中, 如通过介词(短语)with, without, but for等来表示。 *We would have put John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury. 语法精讲强化系列 9. 情态动词和虚拟语气 一、情态动词 考点1　9大情态动词的基本用法 1. can/could (1)表示能力(could常用于过去的能力) *The police still haven’t found the missing child, but they’re doing all they can. (2)表示理论上的可能性, “有时候可能会”(用在肯定句中) *It can be quite windy there, especially in spring. (3)表示请求和允许, 口语中常用could代替can(could用来表示现在, 用以委婉地提出请求等, 但回答时必须用can) *Could you tell me how I can get to the railway station? (4)表示推测“可能”(用于否定句、疑问句中) *Just be patient. You can’t expect the world to change so soon. 2. may/might (1)表示请求、允许、许可, might比may的语气更委婉 *—May I take the book out? —I’m afraid not. (2)表示推测“可能”, 可能性比can/could小 *—I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him? —Don’t worry. He might not come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were. 3. must (1)表示“必须; 应该” *—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now? —I am afraid you must, in case he comes late for the meeting. (2)表示“偏要, 硬要”做某事 *If you must go, at least wait until the storm is over. (3)表示推测, “一定” *—Good morning. I’ve got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. —Ah, good morning. You must be Mrs Peter. 4. shall (1)用于第一、三人称的疑问句中, 表示征求对方的意见 *Shall we go to the theatre by bus? (2)用于第二、三人称的陈述句, 表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁; 此外, 表示法律、条文中规定必须……时也用shall *—Will you read me a story, Mummy? —OK. You shall have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.