土木工程专业外文文献翻译钢结构和钢筋混凝土结构.doc

外文文献翻译 () 文献出处： Galambos Theodore. "Recent research and design developments in steel and composite steel–concrete structures in USA." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 55.1–3(2000):289-303. 英文原文 Recent research and design developments in steel and composite steel– concrete structures in USA Theodore Galambos Abstract: A brief review of the status of structural steel research in the US at the end of the Twentieth Century is presented in this paper to show that while many problems are being solved, there are new and challenging problems remaining. The chief impetus for continued research is that provided by natural disasters, such as earthquakes, tropical storms, tornadoes and floods occurring in densely populated urban areas. New materials and new experimental and computational technologies also give rise to new and exciting research problems. Keywords: Bridges; Buildings; Design; Research; Steel structures; United States of America; Seismic behavior; High-performance materials 1. Introduction The purpose of this paper is to give a brief overview of the current developments in structural steel research in the US, and of the future directions that the structural steel engineering research may take in the coming Century. The driving forces of research in this field are the following: ?new construction methods and construction products ?new materials ?economic considerations ?natural disasters Three of these motivations are common to all engineering developments, not just to structural engineering. However, the impetus due to natural disasters is unique to our field. Recent major natural disasters in the US, such as the Northridge earthquake in California and hurricane Andrew in Florida, have spurred much of the current research activity. The presentation here is of necessity incomplete, because the author is not aware of all research going on everywhere in the country and there is not enough space in this presentation. The overview is meant to give a general f