民用住宅装修的生命周期评价——以杭州曙光新村一住宅装修为例-life cycle evaluation of civil residential decoration - a case study of the decoration of a residential building in shuguang new village, hangzhou.docxVIP

摘要如今是一个快速发展的时代，各方面都处于一个向前快速发展的阶段，我国 的建筑装修业也毫不例外，受到了相应的关注。随着社会发展和人们生活水平的 提高，居室装修的环境污染问题就成为了企业和大众等社会各界人士普遍关注的 话题。近年来，几乎人人都能感受到各种新型装饰材料对人们传统生活的冲击和 改善，但是人们的视线往往放在效果是否美观、是否给人们的生活带来方便，而 忽略其是否健康、环保、节能。所以就需要我们对住宅装修进行全生命周期评价， 从而来定量评价装修对环境带来的影响。生命周期评价（LCA）是一种用来评价产品的环境影响的工具，通过 LCA 我们可以得到产品或者服务在生命周期全过程内的能耗、资源输入和环境排放物 的相关信息。LCA 方法基本上已被世界科学工作者所接受，成为了世界通用的环 境影响评价方法，并已在 ISO14000 国际环境认证标准中规范化，是 ISO14000 的 系列标准之一。本文主要采用了 LCA 的方法来评价装修某一住宅建筑的整个生命周期过程中 对环境产生的影响，将住宅装修的生命周期主要分为四个阶段，即建材准备阶段、 建筑装修阶段、拆除阶段 和 废物处置阶段 。 采用了 AIST-LCA Ver.2 中的 Eco-indicator 95 评价方法，最后得出了该住宅建筑装修的环境影响结果。在装修 建材中陶瓷对环境的影响是最大的，而从不同装修层面上来看，地面装修和墙面 装修对环境的影响最大，是室内污染的主要来源；在装修的各个阶段中，建材准 备阶段对环境的影响是最大的， 拆除阶段是最小的。 关键词：住宅装修，生命周期评价，AIST-LCA，Eco-indicator95AbstractNowadays everything is in the rapid growth from every aspect, even the architectural decoration industry in China is included and received appropriate attention. With the development of society and improvement of peoples living standards, environmental pollution caused by indoor design has become a matter of general concern in our community. In recent years, almost everyone can feel the improvement in a variety of new decoration material on top of the people’s old, traditional life style. But despite of the health, environment and energy consumption, people tend to look more into whether if the outcome is beautiful, or it can brings the convenience to peoples lives or not. So it is necessary for us to evaluate residential decoration as accurate as possible, by all means the LCA. From this we can make quantitative evaluation of the impact on the environment from decoration industry.A life-cycle assessment is a technique to assess environmental impacts associated with all the stages of a products life. It provides the information about energy consumption, resource depletion and environmental emissions of products throughout the life-cycle, and it also proposes measures and recommendations for improvement in environment load. LCA method has been largely accepted by scient