南京市公共政策制定中公民参与的现状与对策研究-research on the present situation and countermeasures of citizen participation in nanjing public policy making.docxVIP

摘要公民参与公共政策的制定是个历久弥新的课题，随着我国民主法制化进程的推进，公民参与逐渐受到政策制定者、专家学者的重视。最近召开的十八届四中全上，再次提出“要坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一，坚定不移走中国特色社会主义法治道路”的论断。这说明，在我国以公民参与作为人民当家作主的形式，并依靠社会主义法律作为保障机制，已经得到最高领导层的认可，公民参与范围、幅度势必扩大。基于此，本文分析了公共政策、公民参与的含义，并借助于马克思民主参与理论、协商民主理论，系统论述了公民参与的理论基础，参与的价值，如可以提高公共政策的科学性和民主性，增强政策的合法性以及公共性等。然后根据笔者所在城市，对南京市公民参与做了总体概括，并借助于调查问卷、案例分析方法，仔细研究了南京市公民参与所面临的问题，并认为传统文化的消极影响、信息的不对称、公民社会发育的不成熟、政府的不支持是造成这些问题的主要原因。之后通过研究了国内外发达地区公民参与的制度，进行系统对此，并结合南京市实际情况，试图从扩宽参与途径、优化参与制度、构建服务型政府以及扩大网络民主参与等四大方面探讨了促进南京市公民参与的应对措施，以期更好地实现目的。关键字：公共政策，公民参与，南京市，服务型政府ABSTRACTCitizenparticipationinpublicpolicyformulationisanenduringtopic,alongwithourcountrytheadvancementofdemocraticlegalsystem,citizenparticipationbypolicymakers,graduallytheattentionofexpertsandscholars.Againrecentlyatthe18thsessionof4onthewhole,putforwardtoadheretotheleadershipoftheparty,thepeoplearemastersofthecountry,inaccordancewiththelawgoverningtheorganicunification,unswervinglytakethesocialistruleoflawwithChinesecharacteristicspath.Thissuggeststhat,inourcountry,intheformofthecitizenparticipationasthepeoplearemastersofthecountry,andtorelyonthesocialistlawasthesafeguardmechanism,hasreceivedtherecognitionfromthetopleadership,scopeandamplitudeisboundtoexpandcitizenparticipation.Basedonthis,areanalyzedinthispaper,themeaningofcitizenparticipationinpublicpolicy,andwiththehelpofmarxisttheoryofdemocraticparticipation,deliberativedemocracytheory,discussesthetheoryofcitizenparticipationsystem,participateinvalue,suchascanimprovethescientificanddemocraticofpublicpolicy,strengthenthelegitimacyofthepolicyandthepublic.Then,accordingtothecityofnanjingcitizenstoparticipateinthegeneralidea,andbymeansofquestionnaire,casestudymethod,studytheproblemfacedbynanjingcitizenparticipation,andarguesthatthenegativeinfluenceoftraditionalculture,informationasymmetry,andthedevelopmentofcivilsocietyisnotmature,thegovernmentdoesnotsupportisthemaincauseoftheseproblems.Afterstudyingthedevelopedareasathomeandabroadandthecitizenparticipationsystem,carriesonthesystem,andconnect