怒吼的瀑布——对欧茨作品《大瀑布》的生态批评解读-roaring waterfalls - an ecological criticism interpretation of oatess great waterfalls.docxVIP

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怒吼的瀑布——对欧茨作品《大瀑布》的生态批评解读-roaring waterfalls - an ecological criticism interpretation of oatess great waterfalls.docx

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怒吼的瀑布——对欧茨作品《大瀑布》的生态批评解读-roaring waterfalls - an ecological criticism interpretation of oatess great waterfalls

AccordingtoOates,naturehasbeenspoiledbytheinvasionofindustrialization,forwhichhumansalsohavepaidgreatcost.Naturecannotbedominatedbyhumanbeingsatwill;instead,ithasspiritsandmysteriousforce.Ifmanattemptstoconquernaturebothmanandnaturewillbevictimized.Inthesecondpartofthischapter,thethesisfurtherlyexploresOates’sconcernaboutsocialecologyrevealedinthenovel.Inthewritingindustrialcivilizationnotonlydestroysbeautifulnature,butalsoruinshumanityandnormalhumanrelationships.Industrializationproducescommercial-mindedpeoplewhoneglectpreciousemotionsamongfriends,familymembersandlovers.Oppressionmanposesuponnaturealsoleadstotheoppressionofmenuponwomenandofupperclassuponlowerclass.Inpoliticalfield,orderlysocialsystemisreplacedbycorruptingbureaucracy,whichexacerbatesenvironmentalproblems.However,thosepolicy-makerswhoenjoygreatbenefitsfromindustrializationtransfertheecologicaldisasterstothedisadvantagedclassofthesociety.Thelastpartinterpretstheviewsofspiritualecologypresentedinthenovel.Inmodernsociety,humanisalienatedfromnature,fromsocietyandfromself,andthussuffersfromlonelinessanddepressionforlossofnature.Man’sindependentthinkingandindividualityareerodedbymodernindustrialsociety,whichbreedsagroupofmechanicalmen.Thenovelalsoshowsman’smoraldeteriorationcausedbypsychologicalemptinessandimbalance,whichisthesourceofsocialinstability.ChapterFourisaconclusion.TheFallsembodiesthebasicecologicalideasontherelationshipbetweenmanandnature,betweenmanandman,andbetweenmanandself.WithanoptimisticviewaboutthefutureOatesrealizestheincreasingecologicalawarenessofhuman’sandinsiststhatonlywhenthehumanracecoexistharmoniouslywithnaturecanwehavepossibilitiestomaintaintheharmonioussocietyandintegratedself.TheFallsshowsOates’spenetratingandprofoundecologicalview,whichenlightenstoday’sreaderswhoarefacedwithglobalcrisisoftheecosystem.Theecocriticalreadingofthisnoveldoesnotonlygiveusin-depthunderstandingaboutthewriterandtheworkbutalsohasarealisticmeaninginthe21stcentury.Keywords:TheFalls,ecocriticism,naturaleco