浅谈建筑机电安装工程造价管理相关问题.docVIP

浅谈建筑机电安装工程造价管理相关问题 　　摘要：当前，我国经济每年都在高速地增长，伴随着经济的飞速发展，人们对物质的需求也越来越高，其中，商品住宅的需求量更是供不应求，商品房的销售价格也是不断的飙升。同时由于房地产行业的暴利，导致中小型房地产开发企业骤然增加，许多房地产项目也是匆匆上马，房地产开发企业大多处于粗放式经营管理状态。随着国家对房地产的行业宏观调控的不断深入，在未来售价下调预期的形势下，只有成本控制得较好的房地产企业才有可能在竞争中有相对的优势，成本控制不力的企业必将会被市场所淘汰。机电安装工程造价虽然一般只占建筑安装工程总造价的10~20%，但也起着举足轻重的作用。因此采用有效、实用的方法控制机电安装工程造价,以提高投资效益和经济效益是当前机电安装工程亟需解决的问题。 　　关键词：安装工程，工程造价，管理，控制 　　Abstract: At present, Chinas economy in the high speed growth every year, accompanied by the rapid economic development, people are increasingly high demand for material, which, the demand of commercial housing is in short supply, real estate sales prices continue to soar. The real estate industry profits, leading to a sudden increase of small and medium-sized real estate development enterprises, many real estate projects is rushed into real estate development enterprises are in the extensive management status. With the deepening of the state macro-control of the real estate industry, cut the prices of the expected situation in the future, only the cost control was a good real estate companies be possible in the competition, comparative advantage, cost control, ineffective corporate and will certainly be eliminated by the market. Although the cost of electrical and mechanical installation is generally only 10 to 20 percent of the total cost of construction and installation, but also plays an important role. Therefore, effective and practical method to control the cost of mechanical and electrical installation works to improve investment efficiency and economic benefits need to solve the problem of mechanical and electrical installation works. 　　Key Words: installation, engineering, project cost, management, control 　　中图分类号：TU723.3文献标识码：A 文章编号： 　　安装工程造价的控制，是贯??于整个安装工程由始至终的一个最重要的内容之一。本文从设计阶段、工程实施阶段、竣工结算阶段分析了影响安装工程造价的因素及其控制措施，分析如下。 　　 1.设计阶段安装工程造价的控制。 　　 据有关资料分析，影响造价的各种可能性因素中，初步设计阶段占有75％～95％，技术设计阶段占有35％～75％，施工图设计阶段占有5％～35％。显而易见，影响造价的关键在于设计阶段。首先，施工企业按图施工，原则上未经设计方许可无权更改设计，如果设计上不合理、设备和材料上的选用不合理，则直接影响着