语法知识(初高中易错知识点总结).docVIP

易错初高中英语知识 一．英语人称代词 主格 I you he/she/it we you they 宾格 me you him/her/it us you them 形容词性物主代词 my your his/her/its our your their 名词性物主代词mine yours his/hers/its ours yours theirs英语人称代词使用时的常见错误 1. 两个人称代词并列充当主语 ?错：Tom and me are going to attend a party. ?正：Tom and I are going to attend a party. ?注释：因为Tom and I 在句中充当主语，所以要用主格人称代词。 2. 强调句型对主语进行强调 ?错：It was me who broke the glass. 正：It was I who broke the glass. 代词应注意的重点1.宾格: 在及物动词,介词后必须用宾格,注意动词介词后被隔离远一点的同位语也应该用宾格.He hates all his roommates, Tom, John and (A.I B. me). But Tom, John and (A.I B. me) didnt hate him. 2.形容词性代词所有格.my, your, his, its, their后必须跟名词.注意its 与its的区别,前者是它的所有格,后者是它是....的缩写’s=it is 3. 名词性不需跟名词.Your book is red, Mine is black.(=My book is black.) Its not my letter. Its yours.(=its your letter) 4. 不定代词someany  1)some 一般 用于肯定句,表示一些某一个I have some money with me any表示任何一个用于疑问句和完全否定句.Have you seen any ghost? No ,I havent seen any . 特殊情况:用于事先知道情况,倾向于得到肯定回答时用some,不用any:Have you studied some English? Why not answer my question？Do you have some money?hy not lend me some? 2). 请客吃饭,请人一定要帮忙需要肯定回答的疑问句要用some.Would you like to have some fish?Would you like to give me some ink ? 5. it，one，that的区别it指代上文同类同一的事物one表示同类不同一的另一个体 That is a book on the desk . It is red. That is a good book, I need one. that特指，同类，异物 6. it与that , which的区别1）代替后面的不定式或从句当形式主语形式宾语只能用it It is important to read English more. I find it interesting that he walked as a monkey.2）在定语从句中当关系代词只能用that, which,It is our classroom, in front of which there is a tree. 强调句型只能用that.It is in our classroom that we will hold a party. 3）表示天气.距离.价格,猜测看不清楚的人都用it. Someone is coming. Who is it？Someone is knocking at the door. Who is it？．A三者以上 They have all been to Beijing both两者都两者随便之一两者都不There are trees on（either site=both sites）site of the streetanother 又一个，再一个 show me another 词第三人称单数变化规则 1) 一般情况下，动词后面直接加 -s. 例如： works gets says reads 2) 以ch,sh,s,x 或 o 结尾的动词,在后面加 -es。 go-goeswash-washes brush-brushes catch