unit 6 what#39;s_in_a_name自制.pptVIP

Romeo and Juliet “What’s in a name? That which we call a rose by any other would smell as sweet.” 名字有什么关系呢？玫瑰不叫玫瑰依然芳香如故。 Background Information 名：夕 口 人们白天相见，可能通过形体、面貌、声音相互识别，一旦到了晚上，相互就不清楚了，就只能通过自报家门来区分你我了。可见，人名的产生是社会交往的需要，它的本质的作用，就是社交中便于彼此区别 。 《说文解字》 Naming Names Background Information 龟 Ancient china: longevity After Ming Dynasty: a man whose wife is not loyal to him Components of Names 1. Components of Chinese names Family name/surname + Given name single surname double surname:王国强;司马相如 Components of Names 2. Components of English names first name/Christian name/given name + middle name + family name/last name/Surname Components of English Names 1. The number of middle names varies: “ an American writer Robert Peter Tristram Coffin and a British writer Oscar Fingal O’Flahertie Wills Wilde” 2. Middle names are only used in very formal situation for official purpose, such as on a document. George Walker Bush; George H. W. Bush ; Shortened Forms 1. People usually use the first of the given names to call you. 2. Shortening forms of name are used among friends and colleagues as Alex for Alexander. 3. Sometimes the form can change slightly when shortening takes place, so that William becomes Bill. Shortened Forms Shortened Forms  Origins Origin of Chinese family names Chinese family names:12,000 《中华古今姓氏大辞典》 western family names：156 ,000 among which 35,000 are frequently seen in daily life Origin of Chinese family names 1．以 居住地名、方位命氏。如西门、邱、门、乡、闾、里、野、官等，表示不同环境的居住地点。 2．以国名命氏。如我们所熟悉的春秋战国时期的诸侯国：齐、鲁、晋、宋、郑、吴、越、秦、楚、卫、韩、赵、魏、燕、陈、郑、苏、蔡、曹、胡、许等，皆成为今天常见姓。 3．以先人的字或名为氏。出自此条的姓氏很多，据统计有五六百个，其中复姓近200个。如周平王的庶子字林开，其后代以林性传世。其他如加皇甫、高、刁、公、施等。 Origin of Chinese family names 4．以次第为氏。一家一族，按兄弟顺序排行取姓，如老大曰伯或孟，老二曰仲，老三曰叔，老四曰季等。后代相沿为氏，表示在宗族中的顺序。如伯、仲、叔、季等。 5．以职业技艺命氏。如巫、屠、优、卜、陶、匠、屠等。 6．母权制氏族社会以母亲为姓，所以那时许多姓都是女字旁。如：姬、姜、姒、姚等。 7．古代少数民族与汉族大融合，借用汉字单字为氏。如拓跋氏改为元氏、叱卢氏改为祝、关尔佳氏改为关、钮祜禄氏改为钮等。 Meaning of Chinese