Expert System Design专家系统的的设计.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * problem: consequences: solutions: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Aspect Evaluation Score key differences positive negative Evolutionary Dev. Worksheet overall suitability:  high  medium  low explanation [Sommerville 2001] Incremental Development development and delivery is broken down into increments each increment delivers part of the required functionality user requirements are prioritised the highest priority requirements are included in early increments once the development of an increment is started, the requirements are frozen requirements for later increments can continue to evolve Incremental Development [Sommerville 2001] Spiral Development process is represented as a spiral rather than as a sequence of activities with backtracking each loop in the spiral represents a phase in the process. no fixed phases such as specification or design loops in the spiral are chosen depending on what is required risks are explicitly assessed and resolved throughout the process similar to incremental development [Sommerville 2001] Spiral Model Sectors for quadrants in the coordinate system represent specific aspects objective setting specific objectives for the phase are identified risk assessment and reduction risks are assessed and activities put in place to reduce the key risks development and validation a development model for the system is chosen which can be any of the generic models planning the project is reviewed and the next phase of the spiral is planned [Sommerville 2001] Spiral Model R i s k a n a l y s i s R i s k a n a l y s i s R i s k a n a l y s i s Risk anal ysis P r o t o - t y p e 1 P r o t o t y p e 2 P r o t o t y p e 3 O p e r a - t i o n a l p r o t o y p e C o n c e p t o f O p e r a t i o n S i m u l a t i o n s , m o d e l s , b e n c h m a r k s S / W r e q u i r e m e n t s R e q u i r e m e n t v a l i d a t i o n D e s i g n V & V P r o d