Improved Speaker Adaptation using speaker dependent - Limsi使用扬声器依赖LIMSI改进的说话人自适应.pptVIP

Improved Speaker Adaptation Using Speaker Dependent Feature Projections Spyros Matsoukas and Richard Schwartz Sep. 5, 2003 Martigny, Switzerland Overview Baseline system Technical background Heteroscedastic Linear Discriminant Analysis (HLDA) Constrained Maximum Likelihood Linear Regression (CMLLR) Speaker Adaptive Training using CMLLR (CMLLR-SAT) HLDA adaptation SAT using HLDA adaptation (HLDA-SAT) Results Conclusions Baseline SI system description PLP front-end, speaker turn based cepstral mean normalization HLDA used to find ‘optimal’ feature space Original space consists of 14 cepstral coefficients and energy, plus their first, second and third derivatives (60 total dimensions) Reduced space has 46 dimensions Trained three gender independent (GI) HMMs: Phonetically tied mixture (PTM), within-word triphone model State Clustered Tied mixture (SCTM) within-word quinphone model SCTM cross-word quinphone model Estimated separate HLDA transforms for each model HLDA HLDA is being adopted by many state of the art systems Like LDA, its goal is to find a feature subspace where it is easier to discriminate among a given set of classes Unlike LDA, it does not assume that the class Gaussian distributions have equal covariance matrix Formulated within the ML framework Many choices available for the definition of the classes Phonemes, tied states, mixture components Used the SCTM codebook clusters (HMM tied-states) as the classes in this work CMLLR adaptation Widely used adaptation method Estimates a constrained linear transformation to adapt both means and covariances of a set of Gaussians Equivalent to transforming the input features using the inverse transformation matrix Reliable row-iterative estimation method is available when the model to be adapted consists of diagonal covariance Gaussians Formulation can be extended to handle full covariance Gaussians Easy to compute objective function and first derivative Used standard gradient descent methods to estimate the ML tran