成像原理介绍.pptxVIP

Computed Tomography CT Basics Principle of Spiral CT Scan Parameter Image Quality Optimizing Injection Protocols Clinical ApplicationsX-Ray Discovery X-ray was discovered by a German scientist Roentgen 100 years ago. This made people for the first time be able to view the anatomy structure of human body without operation But its superimposed And we couldnt view soft tissueHistory of Computed Tomography 1963 - Alan Cormack developed a mathematical method of reconstructing images from x-ray projections My name is Godfrey Hounsfield I work for the Central Research Labs. of EMI, Ltd in England I developed the the first clinically useful CT scanner in 1971Early 1970sCT Broke the Barrier For the first time we could view:- Tomographic or “Slice” anatomy- Density difference But its time consuming And resolution needs to be improvedConcept of X-ray AttenuationSCATTERED X-RAYSAn X-ray beam passing throughthe body is attenuated (loses itsenergy) by :AbsorptionScatteringIncident X-rayTransmitted rayBODYTISSUEAbsorption by the tissue is proportional to the densityMoredensetissueLessdensetissueMORE ATTENUATIONLESS ATTENUATIONX-ray generationData acquisitionRecon. postpro.How does CT Work?How does CT Work?X-ray goes through collimator thereforepenetrate only an axial layer of the object, called sliceHow does CT Work?Patient is placed in the center of the measurement fieldX-ray is passed through the patient’s slice from many direction along a 360° pathThe transmitted beams are captured by the detectors which digitizes these signalsThese digitized signals called raw data are sent to a computer which create the CT imageHow is CT Image generated?The object slice is divided into small volume elements called voxels. Each voxel is assigned a value which is dependent on the average amount of attenuationHow is CT Image generated?The attenuation values are transferred to the computer where they are coded used to create a slice imageCT Generations Design“Generation” is used