08下肢肌(6B).pptVIP

Systematic Anatomy Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University Section 5 Muscles of the Lower Limb A. Muscles of the Hip (pelvic girdle) (髋肌) B. Muscles of the Thigh (大腿肌) C. Muscles of the Leg (小腿肌) D. Muscles of the Foot (足肌) E. Fasciae of the Lower Limb (下肢筋膜) F. Regional Anatomy (局部解剖学) A. Muscles of the Hip 1. ★ Anterior group 1) iliopsoas (髂腰肌): Origin: psoas major (腰大肌) transverse processes, bodies, and discs of T12 – L5 iliacus (髂肌) iliac fossa Insertion: lessor trochanter of femur Action: flexes and lateral rotates thigh A. Muscles of the Hip 2. Posterior group 1) ★ gluteus maximus (臀大肌) Origin: ilium, sacrum, coccyx Insertion: gluteal tuberosity of femur, iliotibial tract Action: extends, lateral rotates thigh 2) gluteus medius (臀中肌) 3) gluteus minimus (臀小肌) 4) piriformis (梨状肌) 5) obturator internus (闭孔内肌) 6) quadratus femoris (股方肌) B. Muscles of the Thigh 1. Anterior group 1) ★ sartorius (缝匠肌) Origin: anterior superior iliac spine Insertion: medial aspect of proximal tibia Action: flexes lateral rotates thigh; flexes leg B. Muscles of the Thigh 2. ★ Posterior group (hamstring muscles 腘绳肌) 1) biceps femoris (股二头肌) Origin: a. long head - ischial tuberosity b. short head - linea aspera Insertion: fibular head, lateral condyle of tibia Action: extends thigh, flexes leg, lateral rotates leg B. Muscles of the Thigh 3. ★ Medial group 1) pectineus (耻骨肌) 2) gracilis (股薄肌) 3) adductor longus (长收肌) 4) adductor brevis (短收肌) 5) adductor magnus (大收肌) Origin: pubic bone 大收肌: ischial tuberosity Insertion: various levels on femur Action: adducts lateral rotates thigh [scissors gait 剪刀步态] C. Muscles of the Leg 1. ★ Anterior group 1) tibialis anterior(胫骨前肌) Origin: lateral condyle upper 2/3 of tibia Insertion: medial cuneiform, 1st metatarsal bone Action: dorsiflexes inverts foot 2) extensor digitorum longus