八下英语Unit 8 知识点.doc

Unit 8 Why don’t you get her a scarf?词语辨析1. spend，cost，take，pay表“花费” (1)spend的主语必须是“人”，宾语可以是钱、精力、时间等。　 He spends much money on books．他平时将很多钱用在买书上。　 He spent a lot of money（in）buying a new car．他花很多钱买了一辆新车。　(2)cost的主语必须是“物”或“事”，表示“费用”、“耗费”，侧重于“花费”的代价。“值；花费”　 The book cost （him） one dollar．这本书用了他一美元。　　 It costs you 12 pounds to go to London by ship．乘船到伦敦要用12英镑。 (3)take表示“花费”时，其主语一般是“一件事”，它说明事情完成“花费了……”。It took me ten minutes to go to the post office．　　　 到邮局用用了我十分钟时间。It takes a lot of money to buy a house as big as that． 买一座像那样的房子要花很多钱。　(4)pay的基本意思是“支付”，作为及物动词，主语是人，宾语可以是“人”、“钱”，He paid the taxi and hurried to the station． 他付了出租车的钱，急忙向车站赶去。　 They had to pay two hundred francs．　他们得付一百法郎。　　We'll pay you in a few days．　几天后我会给你钱。　(5)pay for的宾语为“物”、“事”，for表示支付的原因。You'll have to pay me ten dollars a week for your meals． 你得每周付给我十美元饭钱。2. other与else两者都有“别的，其他的”的含义，但用法有区别： (1)other是形容词，用于名词的前面；else作副词或形容词用时，常修饰不定代词或疑问代词，并置于其后。　　Some are playing football. Other students (或用代词Others) are watching. 一些学生在踢足球，其他的学生在观看。What else can you see in the classroom?　　在教室里你还能看见其他的什么东西？I have something else to tell you. 我还有别的事要告诉你。 (2)other与else有时可相互转换。　　He is taller than any other student in his class. 　　= He is taller than anybody else in his class.　他比班里的其他学生都要高。　 What else can you see? =What other things can you se你还能看见其他东西吗？语法积累1. Why don’t you do sth.? 这是给别人提建议，建议某人做什么事情的句型。如： Why don't we come more often? 咱们为什么不经常来这里呢?' Why don't you do it this way? 为什么不用这种方法做呢?Why don't you have another try?　为什么不再试一次呢?Why don’t you buy a book for your father? 给你爸爸买本书怎么样？这个句子还可以写成Why not do…? 如：Why not get her a camera? 为什么不给她买个相机呢？这个句型还有发出礼貌地邀请的用法。如：Why don’t you have a drink of tea? 请喝茶。= Why not have a drink of tea?2. How/What about…? 表示“……怎么样/好吗？”　 这个句型是询问听话这一方对某事物的看法或者意见。about是个介词，它后面要接名词或者doing。如：How about his playing football? 他足球踢得怎么样？　 What about swimming with us? 和我们一起游泳怎么样？　 How about her English? 　她的英语怎样？3. —When did Joe get it?　　　乔是什么时候收到的礼物？　 —On his sixth birthday.　　在他6岁生日时。　　(