Biomedical Medical Engineering - University of ….pptVIP

Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Eric Lee, John Harrison, Albert Kwansa, Jacqueline Wong, Miguel Benson Definition of BME Development and manufacture of prostheses, medical devices, diagnostic devices, drugs and other therapies Combines expertise of engineering with medical needs for the progress of health care BME Overview Biomechanics Application of mechanical principles to the study of human body movements Muscles, bones, tendons, and ligaments Anatomy, microstructure Static and dynamic analyses of force profile Stress, strain, coordination, power output Biomechanics Example: broken leg Biomechanics Fracture Schematics Behave like cement Good in compression Poor in tension Low tolerance for torsion X-ray Electromagnetic wave and perform radiation Radiation pass through patient and some are being absorbed Image are created on detector by radiation that pass through the subject X-ray Applications Cardiovascular system Skeletal system Soft tissue (e.g. lung) Ultrasonography A sound wave is produced. Sound wave is reflected and forming echo from layers between different tissues. Sound wave is changed to electrical pulses for image production. Ultrasonography Applications Muscle and soft tissue Obstetric sonography MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) Polarize (align spin) of H2 atoms in body Disrupt spins at one “slice” of body Measure energy given off as atoms realign Detects concentration of H2 atoms MRI Application Soft tissue imaging Use of contrast Combined with CT info CT (Computed Tomography) Scanner looks much like MRI scanner Takes many X-rays around body Properties much like X-ray Image from density of material Typically used for skeletal imaging CT Application Form 2-D and 3-D images from X-rays Can use contrasts as well to enhance image of soft tissue Biomaterials Any foreign material that comes into contact with a biological system Diverse area of Biomedical Engineering Cancer drug delivery Tissue engineering Cell