菲茨杰拉德《了不起盖茨比》.docVIP

菲茨杰拉德《了不起盖茨比》 　　弗?司各特?菲茨杰拉德（F. Scott Fitzgerald，1896～1940）是20世纪美国著名小说家，“迷惘的一代”的代表作家之一。他出生于一个中产阶级家庭，年轻时就读普林斯顿大学，但于1917年一战期间辍学入伍。退伍后坚持业余写作，1920年发表第一部长篇小说《天堂那一边》（This Side of Paradise）。1925年《了不起的盖茨比》（The Great Gatsby）问世，奠定了他在现代美国文学史上的地位。菲茨杰拉德的一生是短暂的，但却留下了四部长篇小说和一百六十多篇短篇小说，他其他的代表作品还有《夜色温柔》（Tender Is the Night）和《爵士时代的故事》（Tales of the Jazz Age）等，有20年代“爵士时代”发言人之称。 　　《了不起的盖茨比》以完美的艺术形式表现了“美国梦”的幻灭这一主题思想，被誉为20世纪最伟大的英文小说之一。故事的主人公盖茨比出身寒微，一次偶然的机会他认识了富家少女黛西，两人一见钟情，私订终身。后来黛西背叛了他，嫁给了有钱人汤姆。盖茨比为了赢得爱情，不择手段聚积金钱。为了追求黛西，盖茨比耗尽了自己的感情和才智，但理想最终还是破灭了，他带着残破的梦离开了人世。盖茨比的悲剧是“美国梦”破灭的典型代表。 　　著名诗人和文学评论家艾略特称赞这部小说时说：“这是自亨利?詹姆斯以来美国小说迈出的第一步，因为菲茨杰拉德在书中描写了（那个时代的）宏大、熙攘、轻率和寻欢，凡此种种，曾风靡一时。” 　　下面节选的一段描写的是发迹后的盖茨比重见黛西的情景。 　　“I want you and Daisy to come over to my house，” he said. “I’d like to show her around.” 　　“You’re sure you want me to come？” 　　“Absolutely， old sport.” 　　Daisy went upstairs to wash her face―too late I thought with humiliation of my towels―while Gatsby and I waited on the lawn. 　　“My house looks well， doesn’t it？” he demanded. “See how the whole front of it catches the light.” 　　I agreed that it was splendid. 　　“Yes.” His eyes went over it， every arched door and square tower. “It took me just three years to earn the money that bought it.” 　　“I thought you inherited your money.” 　　“I did， old sport，” he said automatically， “but I lost most of it in the big panic―the panic of the war.” 　　I think he hardly knew what he was saying， for when I asked him what business he was in he answered，“That’s my affair，” before he realized that it wasn’t the appropriate reply. 　　“Oh， I’ve been in several things，” he corrected himself. “I was in the drug business and then I was in the oil business. But I’m not in either one now.” He looked at me with more attention. “Do you mean you’ve been thinking over what I proposed the other night？” 　　Before I could answer， Daisy came out of the house and two rows of brass buttons on her dress gleamed in the sunlight. 　　“That huge place there？” she cried pointing. 　　“Do y