天然气井口节流阀流场数值模拟王祎楠中国石油大庆油田第四采油.DOCVIP

天然气井口节流阀流场数值模拟王祎楠（HYPERLINK /link?url=6FWKDdpyO3ctdEch1oeI7D4gd4A-V_JZllYl93bTACyOzKQJhplPTaGB058DdydY \t _blank中国石油大庆油田第四采油厂第五油矿）摘 要：天然气在通过井口节流阀时由于J-T效应会引起温度急剧下降，极易与天然气中含的水形成水合物，从而堵塞管道、影响生产，严重时会造成气井停产、管道停输、炸裂等严重事故。本文基于计算流体力学软件Fluent，对天然气通过井口节流过程进行数值模拟，模拟结果揭示了天然气节流过程中压力场、温度场变化规律，节流后的气流能量逐渐衰减，最后与周围气体相混合达到平衡，并且温度呈逐歩升高趋势。在此基础上预测了节流过程中能否生成水合物，并提出水合物的预防措施，可以定期的进行井口注醇、井口电伴热等方法，为实际生产中水合物的防治提供了一定的理论指导。关 键 词：天然气；节流；水合物；CFD模拟Numerical simulation of gas-throttle’s flow ing fieldAbstract: Gas hydrate would format during exploitation and transportation, because of the influence of ambient temperature, operating conditions, gas composition, especially when natural gas goes through the throttle valve, it will produce a larger throttle pressure drop and temperature drop, hydrate formation conditions are more likely to achieve here. Once hydrates format, it would lead to the clogging of pipes and equipment, and even cause the gas well , pipeline shutdown, pipeline break up, and other serious accidents, affecting the normal production. Here we use the Fluent computational fluid dynamics software to simulate the fluid flow conditions near the mouth of the throttle to get their speed, pressure, temperature distribution, as well as some other features, After the throttle air energy decay gradually, finally to equilibrium with the surrounding gas mixture, and the temperature is a step up trend.and thus determine whether hydrates will form under the simulated case and supply the methods to prevent the hydrate formation and direction for field production. The method can be used to carry out the injection of alcohol at the wellhead and the electric tracing of the wellhead。Key words: Natural gas ; Throttle ; Gas hydrate ; CFD simulation0引言天然气从井口采出过程中，由于地层含有水分，故采出天然气中往往也具有一定含水，当含水天然气流过气井井口节流阀时，由于焦耳—汤姆森效应[1]-[4]，会产生较大的压降和温降以及流态的变化，有可能达到水合物的形成条件，在管道中形成水合物，易引起管线堵塞等问题，影响生产。当气体组分确定时，天然气水合物形成条件主要取决于流体的压力和温度，能否正确预测天然气节流后的工况参数（温度、压力），是进行水合物堵塞防治的前提和依据[5]。本文基于计算流体力学软件Fluent，对气井井口节流阀前后压力及温度等工况参数变化规律进