沙生克隆植物am真菌与土壤因子生态相关性分析-analysis of ecological correlation between am fungi and soil factors in psammophyte clonal plants.docx
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沙生克隆植物am真菌与土壤因子生态相关性分析-analysis of ecological correlation between am fungi and soil factors in psammophyte clonal plants
摘要克隆植物作为荒漠环境中与恶劣环境斗争的“主力军”,与AM真菌共生来提高对逆境的耐受力。本研究以内蒙古锡林郭勒盟和大坝地区为研究背景,对沙鞭和羊柴等沙生克隆植物与AM真菌共生关系,AM真菌生态分布、与土壤因子的关系及物种多样性进行研究,考察评价AM真菌在荒漠条件下的生态适应性和功能。主要取得如下试验结果:1.沙鞭和羊柴均能与AM真菌形成良好共生关系,菌根类型为I型。沙鞭AM真菌平均定殖率为68.83%,平均孢子密度为523个/100g土,羊柴AM真菌平均定殖率为82.76%,平均孢子密度为440个/100g土,两种植物根组织都有典型的泡囊,丛枝和菌丝圈结构。2.沙鞭和羊柴孢子密度时空异质性明显,7月孢子密度高于10月;在土壤剖面随土层加深而降低,峰值出现在0-10cm土层。沙鞭和羊柴AM真菌空间分布和定殖率变化规律相似,最大定殖率在0-30cm土层,随土层加深而降低。3.沙鞭和羊柴AM真菌孢子密度和定殖率与土壤因子相关性明显,由于宿主植物及样地不同,相关性存在一定差异。正蓝旗沙鞭孢子密度与土壤有机质,速效N,速效P,酸性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶极显著正相关,与脲酶显著正相关。正蓝旗羊柴孢子密度与土壤碱性磷酸酶和脲酶显著正相关。大河乡羊柴孢子密度与土壤微生物量C和微生物量P显著正相关,与微生物量N显著负相关。4.AM真菌物种多样性丰富,共分离鉴定出AM真菌5属36种。其中,球囊霉属(Glomus)21种,占58.3%;无梗囊霉属(Acaulospora)9种,占25%;盾巨孢囊霉属(Scutellospora)4种,占11.1%;内养囊霉属(Entrophospora)1种,巨孢囊霉属(Gigaspora)1种。正蓝旗沙鞭根围27种;正蓝旗羊柴根围34种,大河乡羊柴根围30种。总体上,分离频度、相对多度和重要值依Glomus>Acaulospora>Scutellospora>Entrophospora=Gigaspora呈减小趋势。5.沙鞭和羊柴AM真菌优势种均为网状球囊霉。研究表明,沙生克隆植物与AM真菌建立的共生关系,使得沙鞭和羊柴能够适应恶劣的荒漠环境,研究结果可为AM真菌种质资源应用于荒漠治理提供科学依据。同时,土壤微生物量可以作为评价土壤质量和培肥指标。关键词AM真菌土壤因子生态分布沙生克隆植物AbstractInadesertenvironment,thesymbiosisbetweensandclonalplantsandAMfungicanimproveplantdroughttolerance.ThispapermakesdiscussionandresearchonPsammochloavillosaandHedysalumleavebasedonthebackgroundofZheng-LanQisouth-countyofXilinguoleLeagueofInnerMongoliaandDaba.Inthisresearch,thesymbiosisbetweensandclonalplantsandAMfungi,AMfungiecologicaldistribution,speciesdiversityintherhizosphereofclonalplantsandeffectsofenvironmentfactorsonAMfungiweresystemicallyinvestigated.Resultswereshowedasfollows:PsammochloavillosaandHedysalumleavecanformagoodsymbioticrelationshipwithAMfungiandproduceIntermediatetypemycorrhizas.AMfungiaveragecolonizationrateofPsammochloavillosais68.83%andtheaveragesporedensityis523?100gsoil.AMfungiaveragecolonizationrateofHedysalumlaeveis82.76%andtheaveragesporedensityis440?100gsoil.Plantrootshavetypicalvesicle,arbuscularandhyphaeringstructure.ThesporedensityofPsammochloavillosaandHedysalumleavehasasignificantlyspatialandtemporalheterogeneity.ThetotalsporeofJulywashigherthanOctober.Thenumberofsporedecreased
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