《斜视与屈光不正英文》ppt课件.pptVIP

Fujian Provincial Hospital Wenjie Wu MD., PhD.;Any Deviation From Perfect Ocular Alignment;Definitions ;Fusion: Formation of one image from the two images seen simultaneously by the two eyes. Motor Fusion: Adjustments made by the brain in innervation of extraocular muscles in order to bring both eyes into bifoveal and torsional alignment. Sensory Fusion: Integration in the visual sensory areas of the brain of images seen with the two eyes into one picture. ;Definitions ;Heterotropia (Tropia) Strabismus: Manifest deviation of the eyes that cannot be controlled by binocular fusion. Esotropia Exotropia Hypertropia Hypotropia ;Orthophoria: The absence of any tendency of either eye to deviate when fusion is suspended. Seldom Primary deviation: The deviation measured with the normal eye fixing and the eye with the paretic muscle deviating. Prism diopter: A unit of angular measurement used to characterize ocular deviation. A 1-diopter prism deflects a ray of light toward the base of the prism by 1 centimeter at 1 meter. One degree of arc equals approximately 1.7?. ;Secondary deviation: The deviation measured with the paretic eye fixing and the normal eye deviating. Torsion: Rotation of the eye about its anteroposterior axis Intorsion(Incycloduction): Rotation of the 12 O’clock meridian of the eye toward the midline of the head. Exorsion(Excycloduction): Rotation of the 12 O’clock meridian of the eye away from the midline of the head. Vergences(Disjunctive movements): Movement of the two eyes in opposite direction . Convergence: The eyes turn inward. Divergence: The eyes turn outward. ;Physiology;Motor Aspects;;;Binocular Vision: Objects imaged on the two foveas. Because of the different vantage point in space of each eye (For one object only), the image in each eye is actually slightly different from that in the other. Sensory fusion and stereopsis are the two different physiologic processes that are responsible for binocular vision. ;Sensory Fusion St