基于缸内流动喷雾燃烧CFD仿真的直喷汽油机燃烧系统优化设计.docVIP

基于缸内流动喷雾燃烧CFD仿真的直喷汽油机燃烧系统优化设计 　　摘 要：对一款1.0L 三缸增压直喷汽油机，建立了燃烧系统CFD仿真模型，并详细描述了换气、喷油器喷雾特性等边界条件的设置。分析了其额定功率点下的缸内瞬态流动、喷雾、混合气形成以及燃烧过程。原设计状态下，点火前缸内湍动能分布以及燃油浓度分布不够合理，火焰传播不对称，存在爆震风险。通过优化设计进气道及活塞冠面，缸内滚流运动及点火前湍动能提升，燃油浓度分布改善，燃烧速度加快约3°CA，同时由于omega涡流降低，排气侧湍动能改善，火焰均匀传播到气缸四周。最终的设计方案下，滚流、湍动能、火花塞周围流场、湿壁、燃油浓度分布以及火焰传播均能满足工程目标。在随后的单缸光学可视化发动机试验中，各工况下的混合气形成、湿壁及燃烧均能满足要求。 　　关键词：燃烧系统； 滚流； 湍动能 ；omega涡流；火焰传播 　　中图分类号：TK464 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1005-2550（2017）06-0002-06 　　Abstract： The combustion system CFD model was created for a 1.0L turbo-charged three-cylinder GDI engine， and then the boundary conditions of gas exchange and spray characteristic such as spray angle， particle size distribution were described in detail. Evaluation of in-cylinder flow characteristics， mixture preparation and combustion process were performed subsequently at rated power. Under initial design， turbulent kinetic energy and fuel distribution before ignition time were not reasonable， which cause asymmetric flame and have risk of knocking. After optimizing intake port and piston bowl， in-cylinder tumble level， turbulent kinetic energy and fuel distribution before ignition time have been improved obviously， so the combustion duration shortened 3°CA. Simultaneously， the residual omega swirl at the end of compression stroke had been more decreased， which can improve combustion at exhaust side， ensuring flame propagate onto liner at the same time. Under the final design， tumble level， turbulent kinetic energy ， flow characteristic around spark plug， wall wetting， fuel distribution and flame propagation all meet the engineering target. In the coming single optical engine visualization test， the mixture preparation， wall wetting and flame propagation were recorded and analyzed， all meet the requirements. 　　Key Words： Combustion system； Tumble； Turbulent kinetic energy； Omega； Flame propagation 　　GDI汽油?C燃烧系统开发包括进排气道及缸盖燃烧室优化设计、活塞冠面设计、喷雾油束布置优化或选型[1-2]，这些工作一般依靠气道稳流试验、CFD模拟以及光学发动机试验来进行。通常在开发初期通过气道稳流试验和CFD分析初选进排气道（会有2～3种方案），然后进行缸内流