Unit1ArtGrammar(学生版).docVIP

Book 6 Unit 1 Grammar虚拟语气(一) 一．英语动词有三种语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。 (一)陈述语气 :用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有肯定、 否定、疑问或感叹等形式。 The sun is larger than the earth. Does Tom usually get up very early?(二)祈使语气: 用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。 Wait outside until you are asked . Let’s take a break, shall we ？ 虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实, 而是一种假设, 愿望, 怀疑或推测。 条件句分真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种。 真实条件句: 表示条件是真的或有可能实现的, 采用__________语气。(虚拟、陈述？) If it is fine tomorrow, I shall go shopping. b. 虚拟条件句/非真实条件句: 表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的, 采用__________语气。(虚拟、陈述？) If I were you, I would forgive Mary. 二. 虚拟语气在句中的应用 ? 谓语动词时态：_____________ do-?_____________ be?_____________ 情态动词：would, could, ___________, ____________+动词原形 ? 谓语动词时态:___________ do-?______________ 情态动词：___________, could, should, might+___________+____________ 练习：1）If I______________ (not be) busy last night, I _____________(go) to see the film with you. 2）If he _______________(drive) more carefully, he _________(not have) the car accident yesterday. 3.与将来事实可能相反的虚拟条件句如：（找出下列的从句和主句） If I were to be twenty years old next year, I would take the course of French.明年我要是二十岁，我就会学法语。　 If it should fail, I would try again.要是失败了，我会再试一次。 If an earthquake happened/should happen/ were to happen tomorrow, I would /should/ could/might stay outdoors and learn English. 与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语) 的谓语动词形式: ?条件从句的谓语形式 ???主句的谓语形式 ? 1.谓语动词时态：_____________ do-?______________ be?were 2. __________________ 3.__________________ 情态动词：____________, ____________, ___________, ____________+动词原形should只用于第一人称，但在美国英语中，should常被would代替；从句中的should可用于各种人称。 练习: If you _________(get) a full mark next time, I __________ (hold) a party for you. 总结：含有if虚拟条件句的主从句的的谓语动词形式： 条件从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 与现在事实相反 If 主语 + （be的过去式用） +动词原形 与过去事实相反 If 主语 + _________________________+________＋ 与将来事实可能相反 If 主语 + （be的过去式用）； ＋动词原形； ＋动词原形 +动词原形 ’t have arrived yet, otherwise he would have telephone me. = Jack can’t have arrived yet, if he had arrived, he would have telephone me. 练习：1) I lost your address, oth