Unit1LivingwellGrammar复习不定式的用法(教师版).docVIP

B7U1 Grammar: Revise the Infinitive复习动词不定式 一．仔细阅读下列句子，并写出不定式在句子中担任的成分。 1. To look after my pets properly takes a lot of time but I find it worthwhile.(= It takes a lot of time to look after my pet properly…) （主语） 2. A big company has decided to buy it from me. （宾语） 3. In the library I noticed Diana talk for a moment with David. （宾补） 4. My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up. （表语） 5. Just accept them for who they are，and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do. （定语） 6. I have to work hard to live a normal life. （状语） 7. I am happy to have found many things I can do. （状语） 概念: 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种， 形式为to do。这里的to是不定式标志，无意义，有时可省略。其否定形式为not to do。 它在句子中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语。动词不定式在学习中还要要注意动词不定式的时态和语态，正确运用不定式。 二．基本形式 1. I plan to attend the meeting. (to do) 不定式to attend the meeting在其谓语动词plan(同时，之后？)发生。 2. To love and to be loved are both great happiness. (to be done) 不定式to love and to be loved与谓语are both great happiness (同时，之后？)发生。 3.They are said to be working hard.据说他们工作得很努力。(to be doing) 不定式to be working hard与谓语动词are said (同时，之后？)发生。 4. I am sorry to have kept you waiting. (to have done) 不定式to have kept you waiting发生在谓语动词am sorry(之前， 之后？)。 5. The car seems to have been repaired many times. (to have been done)? 不定式to have been repaired发生在谓语动词seems(之前， 之后？)。 6. He is said to have been working in that factory for twelve years. (to have been doing) 不定式to have been working在谓语动词is said(之前， 之后？)已经发生，并且一直进行着。 总结： 形 式 主 动 被 动 意义 一般式 ?(not) to do ?(not) to be done? 不定式的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或在其之后发生。 进行式 ??(not) to be doing ? 不定式的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。 完成式 ??(not) to have done ?(not)to have been done? 不定式的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 完成进行式 ??(not) to have been doing ? 不定式的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前已经发生，并且一直进行着。 三．句法功能 1．作主语（一般表示具体的某次动作） To live is to work.生活就是工作。 Not to get there in time is your fault. 注：常用it做形式主语，将to do放后，使句子保持平衡。(请写出下列句子的结构) It is important for