Unit3Computers现在完成时被动语态(教师版).docVIP

复习现在完成时主动语态 一．语法热身练习 用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。 1. The students ________ (clean) the windows of the classroom half an hour ago. 2. The students _________________ (clean) the windows of the classroom since half an hour ago. 3. So far, many countries ____________ (develop) their software programs. 4. Up till now, I _________(read) the novel twice. It’s interesting. 5. She ________ (go) to Pairs, hasn’t she? —Yes, she has. —How ____ she ___ (go) there? —She _____ (go) there by air. 6. The boy has already ________(finish) his homework, so he went out for a walk. cleaned have cleaned have developed have read has gone did go went 思考：练习1和2时态的区别： 一般过去时表示动作发生在过去，其结果对现在没有影响；完成时动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果。 1. 结构：have/has + done （根据语法热身2.3.4.5填写） 2. 概念与用法： ①表示过去发生或已经完成的某个动作对现在产生的影响或结果。(语法热身3, 4, 5, 6)经常和already, yet, just 等连用。(语法热身6) ②表示过去已经开始、持续到现在(可能还会继续下去)的动作和状态。（语法热身2） 常与下列时间短语连用: 1. for + 一段时间；since + 时间点/ 从句 2. so far, up till now, up to now，until now 迄今为止，至今 3. for/in /during the last/past …years/months/ weeks) 在最近的……年/月/星期里 4.最近：recently, lately, in recent years 5. 从……以来: ever since It is (has been) + 一段时间 + since从句 This (That / It) is the first (second…) time that + 完成时 This (that / It) is the best / finest / most interesting … + that 从句 + 完成时 三．现在完成时被动语态构成 根据例句写出现在完成时被动语态的构成。 句式 例句 构成 肯定句 A plan has been made. have/has been done 否定句 My computer has not been repaired. have/has not been done 一般疑问句 Have the problem been solved yet? Have/has +主语+been done 特殊疑问句 Where has your laptop been repaired? 特殊疑问词+have/has (+主语)+been done 小结： 现在完成时的被动语态由have/ has been+过去分词构成，其结构有两个助动词，即 __和__，两者缺一不可。 动词have/ has必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致。 四、现在完成时被动语态用法 [熟读深思] 仔细阅读下列句子, 归纳现在完成时被动语态的用法。 1. —Why not go into the classroom? — The door has been locked. 归纳: 现在完成时的被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动动作, 它有两层含义： (1)动作已经完成, 强调对现在造成的影响或结果。 (2)主语与谓语动词之间为被动关系。 练习：Our classroom has been cleaned(clean);you needn’t clean it now.我们的教室已经被清扫了, 你不必清扫了。 2. The important problem has be