口腔颌面外科学（中山大学）10口腔颌面部感染ppt课件.pptxVIP

Oral and maxillofacial infectionLiang Yu-jie Department of oral and maxillofacial surgeryGuanghua school of stomatologyKey points in clinical practice Anatomy Clinical manifestation Antibiotics Basic knowledge Anatomy Immunology SurgeryLogic infection inflammation infection contagion local systemic/genetal acute chronic Introduction◆ Infection： the pathological state resulting from the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms◆ Inflammation: the reaction of body to the invasion ofthese microorganisms and the toxins generated by them. The reaction include: alteration, exudation, proliferationImmune response in the early stage of injuryGreen antibody battles a red antigen!Characterisitcs of oral maxillofacial region ◆ existence of normal bacterial flora ◆ open, suitable moisture and temperature （ oral cavity and sinus, tooth, gingival, tonsillar ）Characterisitcs of oral maxillofacial region ◆ fascia space Characterisitcs of oral maxillofacial region ◆ abundant blood circulation, and valveless veinsCharacterisitcs of oral maxillofacial region ◆ abundant lymphaden Modes of Transmission Reasons of infection◆ Odontogenic periapical periodontitis, pulpitis, periodontitis◆ Adenogenous lymphadenitis, parotitis◆ Traumatic◆ Hemogenic ◆ Iatrogenic infection What causes infectious diseases?Microorganisms Bacteria Virus Prion Fungus Protozoa HelminthProducts from microorganisms toxinsPathogenic bacteria◆ staphylococcus, streptococcus, escherichia coli◆ aerobic, anaerobic, mixed infections◆ The general infection process are the mixed flora: early phase the aerobic bacteric consume the available oxygen, allows the overgrowth of anaerobesPathogenic bacteriaAnaerobicAnaerobicAre all bacteria bad?No!Some bacteria perform essential functions in the body such as:skin: prevents more harmful bacteria from colonizingintestines: helps body break down and absorb certain nutrients; prevents more harmful bacteria from causing intestinal infectionsvagina: preve