夏热冬暖地区公共建筑围护结构节能分析分析——以广州x高校食堂为例-analysis and analysis on energy conservation of public building envelope in hot summer and warm winter regions - taking guangzhou x university canteen as an example.docxVIP
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夏热冬暖地区公共建筑围护结构节能分析分析——以广州x高校食堂为例-analysis and analysis on energy conservation of public building envelope in hot summer and warm winter regions - taking guangzhou x university canteen as an example
夏热冬暖地区公共建筑围护结构节能分析研究(以广州X高校食堂为例)摘要广州属于夏热冬暖地区,亚热带湿润季风气候,其气候特点是:日照时间长,辐射的强度大,温度和相对湿度高,降雨时间长、降雨量大。外窗、墙体、屋面、遮阳构件是建筑围护结构的主要部件,如何通过改善建筑围护结构热工性能使建筑物具有舒适的室内热环境,减少对人工冷热源的依赖,成为降低建筑能耗研究的重要课题。以广州地区的气候条件为主要计算依据,首先运用建筑节能分析软件PKPM对设计建筑的整体节能情况进行评估计算。对屋顶的节能计算中,通过改变挤塑聚苯板的厚度发现:随着挤塑聚苯板保温层的增加,屋顶保温隔热性变强,每增加10mm,传热系数降低约0.05W/(m2·K),建筑的节能率上升,50mm情况下空调耗电量为79.96kwh/m2。在对外墙的研究中发现,通过改变无机保温砂浆保温层的厚度,随着保温层厚度的增加,墙体的传热系数变小,35mm情况下的传热系数比25mm情况下的传热系数大0.06W/(m2·k),空调耗电量每平方米下降0.07kwh,建筑节能率上升,墙体构件占建筑负荷的百分比下降。其次,通过控制单一变量发现:在夏热冬暖地区,墙体内外保温的传热系数、热惰性指标变化不大,外保温仅比内保温建筑节能率高0.21%,从经济性方面考虑,内保温形式值得大范围推广。详细计算了各种节能玻璃的热工性能参数及对应情况下的建筑节能率,分析了不同玻璃对建筑全年能耗的影响,研究结果对广州地区节能玻璃的选择应用具有很高的参考价值,节能率大小为:低透光中空Low-E玻璃>中透光中空Low-E玻璃>高透光中空Low-E玻璃>单层普通玻璃。普通透明玻璃的传热系数比Low—E中空玻璃高3.5W/(m2·K),数值相差较大,保温隔热性差。分析了不同水平遮阳方式对设计模型建筑的空调能耗的影响,室内空气温度峰值(或平均值)无遮阳〉南向水平遮阳〉南北向水平遮阳〉四向水平遮阳。本文的研究证明夏热冬暖地区的公共建筑节能研究十分必要,对节能技术的研究具有十分重要的现实意义。关键词:夏热冬暖地区;建筑节能;建筑围护结构;PKPMSTUDYANDANALYSISOFENERGYSAVINGPUBLICBUILDINGENVELOPEINHOTSUMMERANDWARMWINTERAREA(TAKINGTHEUNIVERSITYCANTEENOFXINGUANGZHOUASANEXAMPLE)ABSTRACTGuangzhoubelongstoHotSummerandWarmWinterZone,largepartsofGuangzhouisasubtropicalhumidmonsoonclimate,namelysyndromeclimate.Theclimateischaracterizedby:sunshinetimeislong,thesunradiationintensitybig,summertimeislong,hightemperatureandrelativehumidity,rainfall,monsoon.Thewindow,walls,roof,shadingcomponentisamajorpartofthebuildingpalisadestructure.Howtoimprovethethermalperformanceofbuildingsurroundingstructurebuildingswithgoodindoorthermalcomfort,toreducedependenceonartificialcoolingandheatsources,reducebuildingenergyconsumptionbecomeoneoftheresearchimportanttopic.BasedonthefeaturesoftheclimateinGuangzhou,thispaperusedofbuildingenergyefficiencyanalysissoftwarePKPMtoevaluatetheoverallsituationofenergysavingbuildings,andcalculatedthethermalperformanceofallkindsofenergy-savingglassindetailandbuildingenergyefficiencyrate,analyzedtheinfluenceofdifferentglassforbuildingannualenergyconsumption,theresultofenergy-savingglassinGuangzhouregionhastheimportantreferencevalue.Results
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