48份冬小麦主要田间农艺性状主成分分析及抗旱性综合评价.docVIP

48份冬小麦主要田间农艺性状主成分分析及抗旱性综合评价 　　摘要：本试验以48份不同抗旱性的小麦品种（系）为试材，分别调查其在雨养旱地和灌溉水地的旗叶面积、穗长、穗下节长、穗叶距、旗叶相对含水量、旗叶离体失水速率、株高、单位面积穗数、光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间二氧化碳浓度、水分利用效率等19项指标，计算出各指标的抗旱系数，并将其作为衡量抗旱性的指标，利用主成分分析法，将19个单项指标综合成8个相互独立的综合指标，计算出各品种的综合指标值，再利用隶属函数法，综合评价这48个品种（系）在本地区表现出的抗旱性。比较结果显示，在烟台地区自然降雨（不灌溉）条件下表现高度抗旱的品种有洛旱13号，中度抗旱品种有运旱22-33、洛旱11号、洛旱9号、烟农0428、石4185、运旱618、烟中13、烟1213、沧麦6005、洛旱8号、衡4399、长6359、衡观136、衡优18、洛旱7号、烟农21等。这为抗旱节水品种的田间培育提供了种质资源选择的参考性。 　　关键词：小麦；抗旱性；主成分分析法；综合评价 　　中图分类号：S512.1+10.1文献标识号：A文章编号：1001-4942（2014）07-0025-06 　　AbstractThis experiment used 48 wheat varieties with different drought resistance as materials. Nineteen indexes were investigated in non-watered and well-watered field plots with the same soil conditions， such as flag leaf area， spike length， peduncle length， distance of spike and leaves，relative water content of flag leaf， water loss rate of cutting flag leaf， plant height， number of spikes per unit area， photosynthetic rate， transpiration rate， stomata conductance， intercellular CO2 concentration， and water use efficiency. The drought resistance coefficient （DRC） of each index was calculated and employed as the measurement index of drought resistance. The results showed that the 19 indexes could be integrated into 8 independent comprehensive components through the principal component analysis. The value of comprehensive indexes were calculated， and the drought resistance of the varieties in local area was comprehensively evaluated by membership function method. Under the non-watered condition in Yantai， Luohan 13 showed higher drought resistance， and Yunhan 22-33， Luohan 11， Luohan 9， Yannong 0428， Shi 4185， Yunhan 618， Yanzhong 13， Yan 1213， Cangmai 6005， Luohan 8， Heng 4399， Chang 6359， Hengguan 136， Hengyou 18， Luohan 7 and Yannong 21 showed moderate drought resistance.These results provided references for selecting germplasms to cultivate drought-resistant wheat varieties in field. 　　Key words Wheat； Drought resistance； Principal component analysis；