不同肥料对基质栽培樱桃番茄产量与品质影响.docVIP

不同肥料对基质栽培樱桃番茄产量与品质的影响 　　摘要:在用滴灌方法统一供给营养液的条件下,定植前在同种基质中混入不同的肥料作为基肥或者在生长期喷施叶面肥进行不同肥效试验。结果表明,叶面肥和有机肥均能提高番茄产量,生物有机肥处理产量最高,较对照增加了13.6%,其次为消毒鸡粪处理,较对照提高8.9%。有机肥与化肥配施有明显改善番茄品质的作用,可溶性固形物较对照提高2.08%~6.5%,VC 提高4.1%~11.3%,而硝酸盐含量下降8.5%~14.7%。叶面肥较有机肥更能促进株高、茎粗等植物学性状的生长。 　　关键词:肥料;基质栽培;樱桃番茄;产量;品质 　　中图分类号:S641.2文献标识码:A文章编号:1006-6500(2009)02-0049-02 　　 　　Effect of Different Fertilization on Yield and Quality of Cherry Tomato in Substrate Culture 　　LIU Hui-chao,PANG Li-rong,LU Qin-can,CHU Xiao-zhen 　　(Zhengzhou Institute of Vegetable Research,Zhengzhou,Henan 450005,China) 　　Abstract:Under the condition of supplying the same nutrition solution concentrations by drip irrigation,the effect of substrate culture on the yield and the quality of cherry tomato was studied by adding different fertilizer before planting or spraying foliar fertilizer in the growth period. The experiment results showed that the yield and the quality could be both increased by applying foliar and organic fertilizer. The best bio-organic fertilizer treatment increased the yield of cherry tomato by 13.6%, the better disinfect chicken treatment increased the yield by 8.9%. The quality can be improved by applying organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer at the same time, soluble solids and Vc was increased by 2.08%~ 6.5% and 4.1%~ 11.3%, respectively. But nitrate content was decreased by 8.5%~ 14.7% .The foliar fertilizer promoted better the growth of plant height and stem diameter than the other two. 　　Key words: fertilizer;substrate culture;cherry tomato;yield;quality 　　 　　基质栽培作为无土栽培的一种方式,是利用有机、无机或有机无机合理混配的基质栽培作物,具有省水、省肥、省工的特点,此项技术的应用能大大提高蔬菜瓜果的品质,减少农药的施用量,生产出优质安全的农产品。樱桃番茄成熟果实既可作为蔬菜又可作为水果食用,风味独特,营养丰富,全国各地均有种植,深受种植者和消费者的青睐。为了提高基质栽培樱桃番茄的产量和品质,笔者进行了以下肥料试验。 　　 　　1材料和方法 　　 　　1.1材料 　　供试樱桃番茄品种为樱秀一号,由郑州市蔬菜研究所番茄研究室应芳卿提供。 　　试验肥料为生物有机肥、消毒鸡粪、宇航牌叶面肥,单施营养液为对照。 　　1.2方法 　　1.2.1时间与地点本试验于2006―2007年,连续两年在郑州市蔬菜研究所塑料大棚中进行,固体基质采用上海孙桥配方,栽培形式采用盆栽,每盆装4 kg基质(干),采用循环式供应营养液。 　　1.2.2营养液配方硝酸钙707 g/t、硝酸钾404.2 g/t、硫酸钾260.7