北黄海近岸浮游植物群落特征季节性变化.docVIP

北黄海近岸浮游植物群落特征季节性变化 　　摘要：根据2009年5（春季）、8（夏季）、10（秋季）月北黄海近岸的调查资料，对近岸海域浮游植物的种类组成、丰度、分布和多样性等基本状况进行了分析。结果表明，北黄海近岸调查区浮游植物群落结构以温带近岸和广布性种为主，也有少数暖水性种；与历年相比，硅藻在群落中的优势地位不变；春季浮游植物丰度显著高于夏、秋两季，秋季浮游植物丰度最低，浮游植物丰度的季节性变化明显；春、夏、秋季Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数、Margalef丰富度指数平均值依次增加，优势度指数依次减小；调查区不同水域一年中各季的浮游植物群落结构的复杂程度和稳定性存在差异，且季节性变化明显；与1959年相比，主要优势种和优势属发生了一定程度的变化，但浮游植物群落结构仍以硅藻为主，甲藻次之。 　　关键词：浮游植物；群落结构；空间分布；北黄海近岸 　　中图分类号：Q948.8 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2014）06-1281-05 　　Characteristics of Phytoplankton Community in North Yellow Sea Near-shore 　　in Different Seasons 　　GUO Ji-long1，YU Xiao-hui2，LI Chun-lin1，GAO Hao-dong1，Zhang Ping3 　　（1. Yantai Research Institute of China Agricultural University，Yantai 264670， Shandong， China； 　　2.College of Forestry， Beijing Forestry University， Beijing 100083，China； 　　3. Yantai Institue of Consultation and Design on Environmental Protection Engineering，Yantai 264000， Shandong， China） 　　Abstract： Based on the survey of the northern Yellow Sea nearshore in May，August and October， 2009， the species composition， dominance， abundance distribution and diversity about the phytoplankton were analyzed. The results showed that the phytoplankton community structure mainly contained temperate inshore species， widely distributed species， a few warm-water species. The same dominance of diatoms in the community and the abundance of the diatom decline followed by seasons. It was apparent for seasonal changes of phytoplankton abundance， being highest in spring and lowest in autumn. The abundance of the phytoplankton was also quite different in different stations. The diversity index， evenness index and richness index increased followed by seasons， but the dominance index reduced. The complexity and stability of the phytoplankton community structure was different in different waters and seasons. The dominant species was a certain degree of changes compared with 1959. The main phytoplankton is still diatoms， following by dinoflagellates. 　　Key words： phytoplankto