unit 1 定语从句.ppt 50页

The Attributive clause 定语从句;;1.定义：;A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.;4. 分类：限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句;限制性定语从句举例： 1. The teacher told me that Tom  was the only person that I could  depend on.? 2. China is a country which has a long history.? 3. In the street I saw a man who was from Africa.? ;1. who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可略）;3. whose 在定语从句中作定语，与后面的名词为所属关系。 Whose 多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of which 互换使用; 指人时，与 of whom 互换使用;4．which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 ;5. that 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 Where is the man that / whom / who I saw this morning??? 2. The season that / which comes after spring is summer.??;考点一：that和which;(2)There be 句型中用that。 There?is?a?book?on?the?desk?that?belongs?to?Tom.;;7. 定语从句内容为解释名词的性质、概念时，需用that。 e.g. A plane is a machine that can fly.;连接词which的用法;(1) 直接在介词后作宾语时，不能用that引导，要用whom, whose或which，且不能省略。 Those are many trees under which they can have a rest. The house in which we live is not large. 我们住院的房子不大。 (2) 在非限制性定语从句中的先行词指物时，只能用 which。如： Football, which is a very popular game, is played all over the world. ;但当介词放在从句的末尾时，可以用that替代which, who替代whom，也可以省略关系代词。如： The house (which/that) we live in is not large. 我们住院的房子不大。 I know the man (whom/who/that) you live with. 我认识和你住在一起的那个人。 (3) 作定语 He may be late, in which case, we should wait for him.;(4) 先行词为代词 that 或 that 所修饰时，只能用 which。如： I don’t take that which is too expensive. 我不要太贵的那一个。;考点二：that 和 who(whom)的用法;(2) 当定语从句对指人的先行词进行隔位修饰时，只能用who (whom)。如： Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to the students? 你认识黑板前面正在给学生们讲话的那位女孩子吗？ (3) 当先行词为people和those时，只能用who (whom)。如： Those who want to go there come here please. 那些想去那儿的人请来这边。 ;(4) 当先行词为one, ones, anyone, everyone, none, all(指人) 时，只能用who (whom)。如： Anyone who is against us is our enemy. 任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人。;(5) 先行词指人，而关系代词在从句中作主语时，一般多用who。 如：The man who came here yesterday said he would come again in a few days. 昨天来这儿的那个人说过几天他会再来。 (6) 在there be句型中名词的定语从句多