叠前三参数同步反演方法研究及软件模块研制-信号与信息处理专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 摘 要 地震振幅随偏移距变化(Amplitude Versus Offset, AVO)反演，即利用叠前地震 振幅随入射角的变化规律判断地层属性，从而进行油气预测，以其充分利用地震 道集信息、反演参数多的优势，成为了地震反演的研究趋势。根据 Zoepprtiz 方程 可知，已知任意三个参数，即可以得到其余所有参数信息，因此，本文选择同步 反演纵横波阻抗和密度三个参数信息。 本文针对叠前三参数同步反演开展若干问题研究，分析了叠前反演的关键环 节与反演算法，建立了较为完善的叠前三参数同步反演处理流程，实现了反演系 统模块。主要工作和取得的成果如下： 1. 根据 AVO 基本理论以及 Zoeppritz 方程及其多种近似式，建立了精确的 AVO 正演模型，为反演工作奠定了基础。 2. 根据地震褶积模型建立了叠前三参数同步反演的数学模型，分析了反演的 关键技术，建立了叠前反演一般流程。 3. 研究了模拟退火算法，对模型扰动??式、接受准则和降温方式三个关键环 节进行了深入的介绍，阐述了模拟退火算法的本质，并证明了模拟退火算法能够 得到全局最优解的性质。 4. 利用模拟退火算法进行叠前三参数同步反演，克服了常规线性算法用于非 线性反演问题的缺陷，通过建立理论模型进行试验，得到了良好的效果，证明了 方法的有效性。 5. 构建了叠前三参数同步反演软件模块，通过代码实现了本文方法，通过对 实际地震数据进行的反演，取得了较好的结果。 关键词：AVO，叠前同步反演，模拟退火，地震资料，油气储层预测 I ABSTRACT II ABSTRACT Amplitude Versus Offset (AVO) inversion identifies lithology parameters and predicts oil and gas by using the seismic amplitude variation with offset, and it has become a trend in researches of geophysical inversion because of its full use of seismic gathers. According to Zoeppritz equation, we can get all remaining parameters from any three known parameters. Therefore, this paper chooses simultaneous inversion of P-impedance, S-impedance and density. Several researches on simultaneous inversion are conducted in this paper, analyzing core issues and inversion algorithms, and a complete process of pre-stack simultaneous inversion is established. The main work and achievements are listed as followed. A precise AVO forward modeling is established in this thesis according to the basic theories of AVO and Zoeppritz equation as well as its approximate expressions. In this paper, the mathematic model of simultaneous inversion is proposed according to convolution model, and the key technologies of inversion are analyzed, then a common process of simultaneous inversion is established. Researches on simulated annealing algorithm are conducted in this paper, mainly introducing three key aspects, creating new model, accepting rule and time schedule. At the same time we elaborated the nature of simulated annealing