黄土丘陵沟壑土壤水稳性团聚体特征.docVIP

黄土丘陵沟壑区土壤水稳性团聚体特征 摘 要：土壤团聚体是土壤的重要组成部分,是土壤养分的贮存库和各种土壤微生物的生境。土壤水稳性团聚体含量影响各土壤性质。以黄土丘陵沟壑区的吴起县为研究区，选取不同土地利用和植被类型的样地为研究对象，通过测定土壤水稳性团聚体含量，评价了不同土地利用方式和植被类型下水稳性团聚体特征。结果表明：大于0.25mm的土壤水稳性团聚体在各样地的大小顺序为：柠条林地＞杏林地＞小叶杨林地＞油松林地＞多年荒地＞沙棘林地＞农用地。不同坡向、坡度的同一植被对土壤质量的影响也不相同，表现为：处于同一地带阴坡的种植较阳坡更利于增加土壤团聚体的稳定性。近几十年的退耕还林还草及禁牧有利于荒山荒坡地表植被的自然恢复，能够提高土壤水稳性团聚体含量，进而提高水分下渗，减少水土流失。 关键词：水稳性团聚体；土地利用；植被类型；黄土丘陵沟壑区 中图分类号：S158.3 Characteristics of Soil Water Stable Aggregate in the Loess Hill-gully Region Abstract :Soil aggregate is an important part of the soil, is the soil nutrient store and a variety of soil microbial habitat. The content of soil water stable aggregates impact on soil properties. Wuqi county of Shaanxi province was selected as the study area. Sample sites under different land use and vegetation types were choosed as study objects. Through determination of water stable aggregate content, water stability aggregates characteristics under different land use and vegetation types was evaluated. The results showed that: greater than 0.25mm water stable aggregates in the order of the size of all sorts of places: Caragana plantationprunas armeniaca lobular Young P. tabulaeformis many years barren land seabuceakthorn forest agricultural land. Different slope aspect, the slope grade of the same vegetation on soil quality is not the same and the content of soil water stable aggregates under prunas armeniaca of shady aspect is higher than that of sunny aspect. Decades of returning farmland to forest and grassland and banning grazing benefits to restore the natural vegetation of barren hills and slopes. In a word, returning farmland to forest and grassland can improve the content of soil water stable aggregates, and furthermore, can improve water infiltration and reduce water and soil loss. Key words: water-stable aggregate; land use;vegetation type; loess hill-gully region 1 引言 土壤团聚体是土壤养分的贮存库和各种土壤微生物的生境[1]，是土壤的重要组成部分，土壤团聚体对保证和协调土壤中的水、肥、气、热具有重要意义，并且影响土壤酶的种类和活性、维持和稳定土壤疏松熟化层并直接影响植物的生产力[2,3]， 在一定程度上,土壤团聚