第二届资源与环境管理学术研讨会.DOCVIP

從持久性有機污染物談環境污染 Persistent Organic Pollutants and Environmental Pollution Issues 李美慧 台灣大學地理環境資源學系 摘要 持久性有機污染物(Persistent Organic Pollutants; POPs)主要是長期性或累積於生物體有機污染物質，造成環境及人體危害。最關鍵字：POPs) are organic chemical compounds that don’t degrade readily, persist in the environment or bioaccumulate in fatty tissues of living organisms, and pose adverse impacts on the environment and human health. Indeed, the effects of POPs in public health and the environment have caused a growing concern among the public, academic researchers, government agents, and international organizations. Especially, all 12 targeted POPs have been recently identified as “endocrine disruptors,” chemicals that can interfere with the body’s endocrine system and possibly produce adverse effects on human and wildlife. Based on available science evidence, most endocrine disruptors mainly affect reproductive and thyroid hormone systems and alter their functions. In particular, there is an increasing evidence in chemicals that can act as exogenous estrogens in different organisms. This paper will discuss the current problems and status of POPs, the toxicity and potential impacts on human and wildlife health by endocrine disruptors, as well as what have we learn from POPs in regards to environment pollution problems. KeyWord: Persistent organic pollutants, Endocrine disruptors, Environmental pollution, Human health, Environmental ecology ; 一、前言 最(一)持久性有機污染物問題及現況；(二)內分泌干擾物質對人體健康及環境生態影響；(三)從持久性有機污染物議題思考環境污染問題。 二、持久性有機污染物現況及問題 2.1 持久性有機污染物現況 1992年聯合國在巴西里約熱內盧（Rio de Janeiro）召開「聯合國環境與發展大會」（UNCED,UN Conference on the Environment and Development）稱「地球高峰會」（Earth Summit）聯合國環境規劃署（United Nations Environment Programme, UNEP）持久性有機污染物聯合國環境規劃署聯合國環境規劃署所的持久性有機污染物，包括阿特靈（Aldrin）、氯丹（Chlordane）、滴滴涕（DDT）、地特靈（Dieldrin）、安特靈（Endrin）、飛佈達（Heptachlor）、六氯苯（Hexachlorobenzene）、滅蟻樂（Mirex）毒殺芬（Toxaphene）多氯聯苯（PCBs）戴奧辛（Dioxins）夫喃（Furans）。是長期性或累積於生物體有機污染物質，造成環境及人體危害。有機污染物質管制情形列管日期Aldrin） 1949 24 殺蟲劑 72/10 1989/05/02 氯丹（Chlordane） 1945 7 殺蟲劑