伪满政府公文文体的研究.docVIP

伪满政府公文文体的研究 　　关键词：伪满洲国；大同时期；公文程式；伪满档案；段祺瑞政府；共和政治；帝国政治 　　摘要：伪满“大同元年”颁行的《暂行公文程式令》规定了教书、执政令、院令、省令、训令、指令、布告、咨、呈、函、批等十四种文体。与袁世凯1914年颁行的复辟性质的公文程式不同，伪满“大同”时期公文并未沿袭清末公牍体系，反而基本承袭了1916年段祺瑞政府的新公文程式，二者不仅文体名称大量相同，文体功能也高度一致。《暂行公文程式令》在“康德元年”被新颁布的《公文程式令》和《关于训令及其他公文程式之件》所替代，新公文程式带有鲜明的封建性与殖民性，新增的“诏书”、“敕书”等更集中印证了伪满公文文体由“共和”政治表达到“帝国”政治表达、由现代文体架构到保守文牍体系的明显转向。 　　中图分类号：K265.61文献标志码：A文章编号：1009-4474（2016）03-0121-05 　　Style of the Official Documents in the Puppet State Government of Manchukuo 　　HAN Xuesong1，2 　　（1.College of the Humanities， Jilin University， Changchun 130012， China； 2.College of Humanities， Bohai University， Jinzhou 121013， China） 　　Key words： The Puppet State of Manchukuo； Da Tong Reign； form of official documents； Archives of Manchukuo； the Tuan Chijui Administrations new document system； political discourse of the Republic； political discourse of the Empire 　　Abstract： The Puppet State of Manchukuo enacted Provisional Documents Act in the first year of Da tong Reign（1932）. The Act stipulated fourteen official document styles， such as State Council Notice， Provincial Government Notice， Bulletin， Report， Indication， Official Letter， and Official Reply， etc. Different from official document treatment provisions enacted by Yuan Shihkai in 1914， the Puppet State of Manchukuos official documents did not follow the system of the Qing Dynasty， and it basically inherited the Tuan chijui Administrations new document system in 1916， for the stylistic names were roughly the same and the stylistic functions were consistent. However， it was replaced by the Act on the Official Document System and Decree on Instructions and other Documents Program which were promulgated in the first year of Kant Reign （1934）. With the distinctive feudal and colonial characteristics， official document system in the Puppet State of Manchukuo reflected an apparent shift from political discourse of the Republic to that of the Empire， and from the modern system to the conservative one. 　　为强化殖民统治，伪满政