呼吸道感染住院患儿381例痰培养的的结果分析.docVIP

呼吸道感染住院患儿381例痰培养的的结果分析 　　doi：10.3969/j.issn.1007-614x.2014.19.72 　　摘 要 目的：总结分析呼吸道感染住院患儿的痰培养结果，了解引起呼吸道感染病原谱及药敏情况变化，为呼吸道感染治疗用药指导提供一定参考依据。方法：2010年1月-2012年12月收治呼吸道感染患儿381例，回顾分析其痰培养结果和主要病原菌耐药性。结果：381例患者中，以肺炎克雷伯杆菌、大肠埃希氏菌、阴沟肠杆菌、鲍曼不动杆菌为主，且肺炎克雷伯杆菌比例（28.61%）及大肠埃希氏菌比例（20.21%）均明显高于其他类病原菌，差异具有统计学意义（P0.05）。381例患儿中，共分离出79株耐药菌株，耐药率20.73%，主要为肺炎克雷伯杆菌及大肠埃希氏菌。结论：呼吸道感染病原菌种类分布广泛，革兰阳性菌株较多，为提高临床疗效，必须要合理使用抗生素。 　　关键词 呼吸道感染 痰培养 耐药菌株 　　Analysis of the results of sputum culture of 381 cases with respiratory infections 　　Tang Guangqiang 　　Pediatrics，the Peoples Hospital of Liujiang County，Guangxi 545100 　　Abstract Objective：Summarize and analyze the sputum culture results of hospitalized children with respiratory infection，to understand the pathogen spectrum of respiratory infection and drug sensitivity changes，and to provide some references for the treatment of respiratory infection.Methods：381 children with respiratory tract infection were selected from January 2010 to December 2012.We retrospectively analyzed the results of sputum culture and drug resistance of pathogens.Results：In 381 cases，the major pathogen were klebsiella pneumoniae，escherichia coli，enterobacter cloacae，bauman acinetobacter.Moreover，klebsiella pneumoniae ratio of 28.61% and escherichia coli ratio of 20.21% were significantly higher than those of other pathogens.The difference was statistically significant（P0.05）.In 381 cases，there were 79 strains of drug-resistant strains，and drug resistance rate was 20.73%.They were mainly klebsiella pneumoniae and escherichia coli.Conclusion：Species of pathogen in respiratory infection are widespread.The strain gram positive is more.In order to improve the clinical efficacy，we must use the antibiotics reasonablely. 　　Key words Respiratory infections；Sputum culture；Drug resistant strains 　　呼吸道感染是最常见的感染性疾病，分为上呼吸道感染与下呼吸道感染，治疗时必须明确引起感染的病原体以选择有效的抗生素[1]。随着抗菌药物、免疫抑制剂、激素等广泛应用，感染病菌对抗菌药物的敏感性逐渐下降[2]。了解呼吸道感染病原菌的分布以及耐药情况是提高临床抗菌效果的关键。现将我院儿科住院的381例呼吸道感染患者的痰培养结果情况详细分析报告如下。 　　资料与方法 　　2010年1月