安康市避灾移民搬迁问题的研究.docVIP

安康市避灾移民搬迁问题的研究 　　摘要：依据生产要素理论，运用比较分析方法对三峡移民、“5.12”地震灾民安置工程与陕西省安康市避灾移民搬迁工程进行了比较分析。结果表明，安康市避灾移民搬迁在生态修复、农民增收、推进城市化、共享文明成果等方面取得了明显成效，同时也存在着“搬入区超载”、“致富难”和“观念滞后”等地理、经济、社会问题。将“进城上楼”调整为“村内就地相对集中与分散安置相结合”，开展居民素质教育，加强社区文化建设等举措将是解决目前避灾移民搬迁工程问题的可选之策。 　　关键词：避灾移民；城市化；对策；安康市 　　中图分类号：F328；F323.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2017）17-3378-04 　　DOI：10.14088/ki.issn0439-8114.2017.17.047 　　Study on Relocation of Migrants from Disaster Area in Ankang 　　HE Jia-li 　　（Ankang University， School of Politics Social Development/Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Water Resources in Hanjiang River， Ankang 725000， Shaanxi， China） 　　Abstract： Based on the theory of production elements， and with the help of comparative analysis method， a comparison was made among resettlement projects for the migrants from Three Gorges area， the victims of 5.12 earthquake， and the migrants from disaster area in Ankang. The results showed that even though the resettlement project in Ankang have made remarkable achievements in ecological restoration， farmers income increase， urbanization development， and sharing of civilization achievement， there still existed some geographical， economic， and cultural problems such as the over-loading of relocating area， hardships in becoming rich， and difficulty in idea change. Accordingly， strategies such as changing the idea of living in the urban storied buildings into a new form of living-combination of relative centralized and scattered resettlement without leaving villages， implementing quality education of residents， and strengthening the cultural construction of communities would be optional to solve present problems in resettlement projects of migrants from disaster area. 　　Key words： migrants from disaster area； urbanization； strategy； Ankang city 　　避?囊泼癜崆ㄊ侵冈?居住在地貌特征为山地或高原地区的自然保护区、生态严重破坏地区、生态脆弱地区以及自然环境恶劣，基本不具备人类生存条件地区的人口搬离原来的居住地，在适宜人居的地方重新定居的人口迁移[1]。研究表明，中国贫困地区和生态脆弱地区存在着空间分布上高度一致性的特点[2]，纵观中国不同地区的致贫因素，有三大恶性循环影响着贫困地区的经济、社会发展，即自然生态系统的恶性循环、经济系统的恶性循环、人文系统的恶性循