入侵植物互花米草——生物学生态学及管理-植物分类学报.PDF

植 物 分 类 学 报 44 (5): 559–588 (2006) doi:10.1360/aps06044 Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 入侵植物互花米草——生物学、生态学及管理 1 2 1 1 1 1 * 王 卿 安树青 马志军 赵 斌 陈家宽 李 博 1(复旦大学生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室, 生物多样性科学研究所 上海 200433) 2(南京大学生命科学学院, 湿地生态研究所 南京 210093) Invasive Spartina alterniflora : biology, ecology and management 1 2 1 1 1 1 * WANG Qing AN Shu-Qing MA Zhi-Jun ZHAO Bin CHEN Jia-Kuan LI Bo 1(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China) 2(Institute of Wetland Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China) Abstract Smooth cordgrass Spartina alterniflora Loisel., a perennial rhizomatous grass native to the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of North America, spreads rapidly in estuaries and coastal salt marshes in the Pacific coast of North America, Europe, New Zealand and China, and has caused considerable effects on the invaded regions. We here describe a comprehensive account of its biology and ecology, and discuss the management of this invasive plant. S. alterniflora was intentionally introduced to China in 1979 for the purposes of erosion check, soil melioration and dike protection. However, its rapid elongation rates, high leaf area indices, high photosynthet