超临界甲醇中生物油酯化提质的研究-应用化学专业论文.docxVIP

PAGE III PAGE III 万方数据 山东理工大学硕士学位论文 ABSTRACT the conversion and selectivity of esterification reaction. A solid superacidic catalyst, SO42-/γ-Al2O3, was prepared by impregnation over γ-Al2O3. The effects of H2SO4 loading amount and the calcination temperature were surveyed and the determined optimum concentration of H2SO4 and appropriate calcination temperature were 1.0 mol/L and 500℃ respectively. The measurement of the prepared catalyst by Hammett titration suggests that the catalyst was super-acid. Under the prepared catalyst and using AC solution with molar ratio of 10 as the feeding stream, the AC conversion at 300℃ and 15.0 MPa with a residence time of 10 min could reach up to 95%. After continuously running for 10 hours, the AC conversion was not noticeably decreased, suggesting the good stability of the catalsyt. It was also found that SO42-/γ-Al2O3 had excellent water resistance, but could be deactivated by the coking formation of furfural on the surface. Supercritical could suppress, to some extent, the coking since it can dissolve and remove the coke from the catalyst surface and thus regenerate the catalyst. Esterification of a real bio-oil over SO42-/γ-Al2O3 shows that the properties of bio-oil were evidently improved after upgrading. The heating value increased by 54.21%, and the density and viscosity decreased by 20.33% and 82.59%, respectively. The GC-MS analysis shows that most of the acids in the bio-oil could be converted into the corresponding esters and consequently the thermal stability was enhanced. Keywords: Bio-oil; Supercritical methanol; Esterification; Solid catalyst 山东理 山东理工大学硕士学位论文 目录 PAGE IV PAGE IV 万方数据 目录 摘要 I ABSTRACT II 目录 IV 第一章 绪论 1 1.1 引言 1 1.2 生物质能概述 1 1.2.1 生物质能的特点及来源 1 1.2.2 开发利用生物质能的意义 2 1.3 生物质能的利用技术 3 1.4 生物油的特性及改性提质 4 1.4.1 生物油的特性 4 1.4.2 生物油改性提质 5 1.5 固体超强酸催化剂 6 1.6 超临界流体的性质及应用 7 1.6.1 超临界流体的性质 7 1.6.2 超临界甲醇 8 1.7 课题的提出及研究内容 9 第二章 实验装置和实验方法 11 2.1 实验仪器和原材料 11 2