组织结构-组织机构设计(ppt 46页)中英文.pptVIP

Designing Organizational Structure组织机构设计 the process by which managers establish working relationships among employees to achieve goals. 是管理者依照组织目标要求，组建员工在各项工作之间的关系的过程。 Principle of Organizational Design Vertical dimension 纵向要求 Unity of Command 统一指挥 Centralization Decentralization 集权与分权 Authority Responsibility 职权与职责 Span of Management/control 管理跨度 Horizontal dimension Division of Labor 劳动分工 Departmentalization 部门化 Principle-Unity of Command统一指挥 The principle that a subordinate should have only one superior to whom he or she is directly responsible. 指一个下属人员应该只对一个上司负责的原则。 Embarrassing Situation Authority Responsibility职权与职责 Authority 职权: The rights inherent lie in a managerial position to give orders and expect them to be obeyed. 是指管理岗位本身所固有的，进行指挥并要求服从的权力 Responsibility 职责： An obligation to perform assigned activities. 完成指派任务的责任 Authority 职权 Line authority: the authority that entitles a manager to direct the work of a subordinate. 直线职权：指管理指对下属直接指挥的权力。 Staff authority: authority given to individuals who support ,assist ,and advise others who have line authority. 参谋职权：对拥有直线职权的管理者，提供支持、协助和建议的权力。 Chain of command : the flow of authority from the top to the bottom of an organization. 指挥链：组织中权力从上级到下级的流动路径。 Theory of Authority 权威理论 Acceptance theory of authority: The theory that authority comes from the willingness of subordinates to accept it. 权威接受理论：认为权力只有在下属认可的情况下才能发生。 The classical view: The rights inherently lie in one’s formal organizational position, if an order is given , it would be obeyed. 古典观点：权力来自于组织地位本身，已经授权，要求必须服从。 Responsibility 职责 Equating responsibility and authority 责权对等。 When managers delegate authority, responsibility must be given as well. 管理者授权时，必须同时施以应有的责任。 Centralization 集权 Centralization :lower managers are not capable at making decisions. 集权：较 低层次的管理者不能制定决策。 Validity : 适用性 More stable environment. 稳定的环境 Decision is significant. 决策至关重要重要 Company is large. 公司规模较大 Disadvantage:Face crisis or failure risk