常见的丛枝菌根真菌在地球圈层中的功能多样性.ppt

Contribution of AMF to plant nutrient uptake Macronutrients: P 30 – 92 % (Kothari et al 1991, Yao et al 2004, Sally et al 2005) N 20 – 42 % (Ames et al. 1983, Marschner & Dell 1994, M?der et al. 2000) K 0 -10 % (?) (Smith et al. 1981, George et al. 1992, Smith & Read 1997) Micronutrients: Zn 30 – 80 % ( Li et al 1991, Bürkert & Robson 1994) Cu 20 – 62 % (Li et al. 1991, Lambert & Weidensaul 1991) Mn, Fe, B 0 -70 % (Lambert & Weidensaul 1991, Kothari et al. 1991) 菌根侵染诱导植物根细胞专一性P转运子 Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi promote plant diversity and productivity 菌根菌对土壤有机质的贡献 投入 土壤有机质 0.860 g kg-1 y-1 菌丝碳 0.049 g kg-1 y-1 菌根素碳 0.005 g kg-1 y-1 菌根菌总碳 0.051 g kg-1 y-1 菌根菌碳占土壤总碳：5.9 % 滞留时间 (y) 土壤有机碳 111 细根 6.1 菌丝碳 2.4 快-菌根素碳 15 慢-菌根素碳 200 * 石 兆 勇 2008年12月26日 丛枝菌根真菌的 功能多样性 生态讲坛 北京大学生态系 地下结构 地下菌丝体的分布 互惠关系 宿主-菌根真菌 （Smith & Read, 1997） 70%的磷 （George et al.,1995） 30%的氮 （Frey et al.,1993） 光合产物总量的4%-20% （Peng et al.,1993） 丛枝菌根（AM菌根） 丛枝 Arbuscules Kinden & Brown, 1975 Brundrett, 1984 Shi et al. , 2007 Shi et al. , 2007 菌根真菌孢子Mycorrhizal Fungal Spore (Read 1991; Read et al. 2004). Gai et al., 2006.——Cyperaceae 丛枝菌根在地球上的分布 丛枝菌根——地球最广泛的共生体（Brachmann & Parniske 2006; 石兆勇等，2007） 具有丛枝菌根的植物占90% The majority of plants, strictly speaking,do not have roots; they have mycorrhizas. 地球上最广泛的共生体——丛枝菌根 The study of plants without their mycorrhizasis the study of artefacts. 地下生态学研究——菌根 http://www.kent.ac.uk/ Light microscope picture of a fossil fungal spore with attached hypha from the Ordovician, 460 million years ago. (c)Science Magazine CREDIT: Dirk Redecker/UC Berkeley In addition, mycorrhizal fungi have been found in fossils as old as 400 million years, in company with later, more evolved vascular plants. Parasites or mutualists? Land plants and Glomalean fungi were around 460 million years ago, but it's n