城市居住小区雨水径流污染的模拟与控制-市政工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 城市雨水径流冲刷地面而引起的污染是面源污染的重要部分，随着点源污染 治理的深入，城市雨水径流对受纳水体的污染已日益凸现。 城市雨水径流污染物组分复杂，浓度变化大，可生化性差，排放间歇且无规 律，故处理起来难度较大。为了有效地控制雨水径流的污染，对雨水径流进行处 理，就必须了解雨水中污染物浓度的变化特征，掌握其变化规律。本文以通过对 不同季节、不同汇水面、多次降雨的水量、水质的测定，来全面掌握长沙市居住 小区雨水径流的污染情况，并分析其对受纳水体的影响；再通过分析各污染指标 与测试相对简单的 SS 的相关性，找出其与 SS 的相关方程，为长沙市进一步对污 染情况的分析提供简化操作的依据。运用径流模型对雨水径流进行模拟，通过经 验值和测试选用适合本地的参数，利用 Excel 和 Visual Basic 对模型进行了程序实 现，其模拟结果与实测值较为一致，验证了模型的有效性，模型将为居住小区今 后的雨水处理设施的设置提供了实际可行的理论依据。文章最后还分析提出了一 些分别针对屋面、路面、雨水排放口的不同处理措施，比如屋顶绿化，采用透水 性路面，对雨水排放口进行截污过滤等；对混合污水进行了混凝沉淀处理试验， 找出了适合本地雨水径流处理的最佳投药方式，为居住小区雨水径流污染提出了 处理控制的办法。 本文还对天然雨水水质、路面沉积颗粒物，城市雨水径流污染负荷长期分布 进行了实验分析，从多个方面了解了长沙市居住小区的水质情况，为居住小区雨 水径流全面的处理提供了多方面的基础资料。 关键词：城市雨水径流污染；相关性；混凝沉淀处理；污染负荷 Abstract The pollution caused by the washoff of urban stormwater runoff from surface is the critical part of the non-point pollution. With deepened the control of the point pollution, it is serious day by day that the receiving water is polluted by urban stormwater runoff. The components in the urban stormwater runoff are very complicated, and its range of concentration change is so wide that makes the disposal very difficult. In order to control and dispose the pollution of urban stormwater runoff better, it is necessary to get know of the change characterization of pollutant’s concentration and master its change law.This paper gets to command the whole pollution of residential district in Changsha by testing the pollution index and the volume of the runoff in different seasons, different catchment surface of many times rainfall, and ananyse its influence to the receiving body.By analyzing the relativity between the other indexs and SS which can be tested easily relatively,getting the relative equation which can simplify the furture analyse of the stormwater runoff in Changsha.By adopting some referenced and measrurable parameters in the runoff model, programming with Excel and Visual Basic, the model is tested its effiency and gets a better matching result between the simulation and the fact,so it