城市道路交通信息采集系统的研究-仪器科学与技术专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 本文针对城市道路交通信息的采集，设计了一种基于感应线圈的多车道交通 信息采集系统，采用车辆通过感应线圈时系统振荡回路的频率变化来准确地统计 车流量；然后通过判别频率变化波形拐点的方法来确定车辆在线圈中行驶的各个 时刻点，并以此计算车辆的平均速度。 首先，本文阐述了感应线圈采集的理论模型，并通过实际应用进一步验证了 此理论模型的可行性。车辆通过感应线圈的时间是短暂的，从而要求交通信息采 集系统能够准确、快速地测量出行驶车辆的信息。 其次，本文设计的采集系统选用基于 ARM CORTEX M3 内核的 STM32F103CB 微处理器和 基于 ARM7 内核的 微处理器 AT91SAM7X256 组 成 处 理 单 元 ， STM32F103CB 微处理器主要完成振荡频率和时间的采集，AT91SAM7X256 微处 理器主要工作是对采集到的原始数据进行处理，从而得到车流量、车速等交通信 息，两者强大的处理以及存储能力为系统快速采集信息量提供了可靠的保障。然 后，本文给出了该交通信息采集系统详细的软硬件设计方案。 最后，通过实际道路实验，其结果表明：基于 ARM 微处理器和感应线圈的城 市道路交通信息采集系统有效地提高了采集信息的精度和抗干扰性能，为进一步 应用于实际的城市道路交通信息采集打下了良好的基础。 关键词：交通信息采集，感应线圈，振荡频率，车流量，车速 ABSTRACT In order to collect traffic information, this paper designed a traffic information collection system based on a single induction loop and multilane. The system can accurately collect the changes of frequency when vehicles go through the induction coils, and precisely get the traffic flow. At the meantime, this paper confirms the vehicle run spot by distinguishing frequency wave inflection point while vehicle running in loop, then calculates the vehicle average speed. First, this paper describes theory model of induction loop collection technology, then test and verify the theory’s correctness and feasibility by application. It spends a transitory time for vehicles go across single induction loop, while the system should response accurately and fast. The processing unit of this collecting system was established by the use of AT91SAM7X256 microprocessor with ARM7 kernel and STM32F103CB microprocessor with ARM CORTEX M3 kernel, that have large storage space and high-powered process ability. STM32F103CB microprocessor is mainly responsible for the collection of oscillation frequency and time. AT91SAM7X256 microprocessor’s main job is to deal with the original data and get the traffic information of vehicle flux and speed. Then, the design of hardware and software of this system was given. Lastly, its availability is done by practical experiment. The results prove that the system