城镇住宅建筑能耗计算方法的改进及其在山东省的应用研究-管理科学与工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 近半个世纪以来，世界各国为争夺能源的战争时有发生，且有愈演愈烈的倾向；近期， 在我国中部以及东部沿海城市持续出现雾霾天气，突出了环境恶化已相当严峻。因此，能 否解决能源萎缩和环境污染，关系到全球能否实现可持续发展。 大量传统高污染燃料的消耗是造成能源紧缺和环境破坏的罪魁祸首。据统计，城镇住 宅运营能耗约占全社会总耗能的 18%。由此可见，降低城镇住宅建筑能耗，能够缓解能源 危机并且改善环境。然若要科学的推进城镇住宅建筑节能工作，必须研究城镇住宅能耗计 算方法。 本文综合了国内学者有关民用建筑能耗研究。通过研究发现，目前在我国盛行的城镇 住宅能耗计算方法主要有宏观模型、微观模型和终端电器使用模型。 通过对比分析三种模型的优缺点，得出采用宏观模型对山东省城镇住宅建筑能耗进行计 算是较为合适。然现行的宏观模型仍存在着不足，必须对现行的宏观模型进行一定的改进 与创新。 通过对城镇住宅建筑能耗宏观模型的改进和创新，以山东省为例，采用改进后的宏观 模型对山东省城镇住宅建筑能耗进行计算。然后建立山东省城镇住宅耗能与反映社会经济 指标之间的关系，分析影响山东省城镇住宅建筑能耗增高的因素；进而提出解决山东省住 宅能耗过高的可行性建议。 关键词：住宅建筑；建筑能耗；能耗计算方法；建筑节能 Abstract Nearly half a century ,In order to Compete for natural resources ,Some countries are often wage war around the world ,and there is a growing tendency.Recently,the central and eastern coastal cities in our country have sustaining fog haze which highlight the deterioration of environment has been quite serious. hence ,can we solve the energy wasting and environment pollution, affect can we achieve the sustainable development around the global. A large number of traditional high pollution fuel are consumed is the main culprit in Energy scarcity and environmental damage.According to statistics, the town house operation energy consumption accounts for about 18% of the total energy consumption in society .Thus, Reduce the urban residential building energy consumption , can alleviate the energy crisis and environmental improvement.However,if we want to advance the town residential building energy saving work in scientifically, we must study the urban residential energy consumption calculation method. In this paper, the author combine the civil buildings energy consumption research of domestic scholars .Through the study ,we found that the current calculation method of the urban residential energy consumption in China mainly include the macro model and micro model and terminal electrical usage model. By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the three models,we derived that the macro model of urban residential building ene