城乡统筹视野下农地使用权流转研究-政治经济学专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 摘要 农地是“三农”问题的根本，是制约中国农业发展的一个关键性因素。“三 农”问题凸显的重要原因之一是我国长期推行二元结构体制。为了解决二元结构 体制对国民经济发展的阻碍，党中央适时提出了以科学发展观为指导的“城乡统 筹”的发展战略。 城乡统筹发展,必然要促使二元结构向一元转换,土地制度是其中之一。随着 中国经济体制改革的深入,曾在我国历史上做过重要贡献的家庭联产承包责任制 的弊端逐渐暴露出来,由于土地承包实行平均分配,使土地承包过于分散，农地经 营规模狭小,制约了科学技术和农业机械化的推广应用,阻碍了劳动力与土地、资 本和技术等生产要素的优化配置；阻碍了农业现代化和产业化进程。因此必须对 现有的农地制度进行改革。 本文把城乡统筹理念引入到农地使用权流转的研究中，本文认为农地改革问 题的焦点集中在土地使用权的流转上，应在坚持家庭联产承包责任制的基础上放 活农地使用权。我国农村土地使用权流转应是在家庭联产承包制的制度框架内实 现土地产权制度的进一步变迁,是在新的社会生产力条件下对家庭联产承包责任 制的补充和完善。 本文在前人研究的基础上，分析了城乡统筹和农地使用权流转相互关系，在 城乡统筹的视角下分析了农地流转的现状、存在的问题以及原因。在以上研究的 基础上提出了完善农地使用权流转的对策建议：首先是完善农村土地制度、城乡 户籍和就业制度、社保制度及相应的法律制度；其次是完善农地使用权流转市场、 健全流转运行机制和配套中介服务体系，加快农地流转的市场化进程；第三是完 善政府公共服务职能，为农地使用权的健康流转培育良好的社会环境。 关键词：城乡统筹 农地使用权 农地使用权流转 Abstract The agriculture field is the foundation of the issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers, is also an obstacle factor to restrict Chinese agriculture development. Issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers have been highlighted because of the long-term binary structure system of our country. In order to eliminate the influence of binary structure system on national economy development, the Central Committee of the Party has put forward “Balanced development in urban and rural areas” strategy guided by scientific concept of development accordingly. Balanced development in urban and rural areas make it necessary that structure system should change from binary to one basic, land system is inevitably one part of it. With Chinas economic system reform going deep, family contracting responsibility system which had made important contribution to our country in history is revealing many drawbacks. As the basic characteristic of family contracting responsibility, average land contract distribution makes land contracts disperse excessively. It leads to small agriculture field management and operation, limits the application of science technology in agriculture and popularization of machine, hinders the optimize allocation of the essential produ