二语词汇深度习得语义及语用障碍之认知解析——后期维特根斯坦语言哲学观英语语言文学专业论文.docxVIP

用英汉对照的方式背诵记忆词汇，一味追求意义上的精确对等，忽视了词义之间 的关系，形成的是一对一式的线型关系，过于分化、离散，在一定程度上制约了 词语的提取和运用。 语用方面，维特根斯坦将他的语言研究带回语言的日常使用，认为语言游戏 是在生活形式这个大的场景下展开的。所有的语义及语用规则都是植根于生活形 式中的。语言不是单纯的言语活动，而是同我们的社会生活，历史文化交织在一 起的。一个词语的意义和使用总是植根于它所在的文化背景。因而词汇的习得不 应看作简单的词汇记忆和储存，还应关注词语隐含的社会和文化背景知识。然而， 大多数二语学习者盲目扩大词汇量，追求意义的对等，恰恰忽视了社会文化背景 知识的输入，一旦进入语言交际，必然限制其语用能力，导致语用失误。 以上的研究发现为我们外语词汇教学提供了有益的启示：在词汇的教学中， 要注重词汇习得的深度，避免盲目扩大词汇量。 要注重词义之间的联系, 要分 清词内的核心意义和边缘意义以及词语间的上下义关系，学会在横向上和纵向上 慢慢扩展词义，从而建立有序的词义网络。与此同时，还要注重词汇相关语境及 文化背景的输入, 增强词汇的语用能力。 关键字：词汇深度习得；意义即使用；语言游戏；家族相似性；生活形式 A Cognitive Study of the Semantic and Pragmatic Barriers in Depth of SL Vocabulary Acquisition —Later Wittgenstein Linguistic Philosophy Abstract Since the 1990s, researches on SL vocabulary acquisition at home and abroad have come into a new phase. Dismissing the traditional dichotomy approach (known/unknown), vocabulary researchers begin to adopt a multidimensional method, shifting their attention to the depth of vocabulary knowledge, that is, the knowledge of different aspects of words or the level learners know about a word. Up to now, a large number of researches have been conducted in this field. Many theoretical frameworks and models of vocabulary depth knowledge have been established, on the basis of which various empirical studies have also been conducted. Those empirical studies reveal that there still exist many problems in the depth of SL vocabulary acquisition, especially in semantic and pragmatic acquisition, such as the imbalance between lexical depth development and lexical breadth development, the unsatisfactory development of semantic network and the later development of pragmatic and productive ability. But so far, very few studies have been able to make a reasonable explanation for these problems. Focusing on ordinary language, later Wittgenstein advocates that language study should be returned to the original language use and proposes that language are a collection of language games with family resemblance, played in the “form of