二阶齐次线性微分方程边值问题解的构造及其应用应用数学专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 本文针对两个边界条件均为非齐次的二阶齐次线性微分方程边值问题，基于解的相 似结构理论,分析边值问题各个部分(方程和边界条件)对其解的结构的影响,提出了解 决该类问题的新的方法——相似构造法，举了具体的例子加以说明并对其进行了推广。 具体内容如下： 首先，将其转化为两个只具有一个非齐次边界条件的边值问题；其次，通过构造引 解函数及解的生成函数，由引解函数和齐次边界条件的系数生成核函数，把核函数和非 齐次边界条件的系数进行组装从而获得只具有一个非齐次边界条件的边值问题的解；再 次，利用叠加原理得到两个边界条件均为非齐次的边值问题解的相似结构，提出此类边 值问题求解的相似构造法。在此理论基础上，将相似构造法运用在数学问题和油气藏渗 流模型求解中，用具体的例子进一步分析讨论和应用。最后，将二阶齐次线性微分方程 边值问题求解的相似构造法推广到二阶非齐次线性微分方程和高阶线性齐次微分方程 的定解问题求解中。 相似构造法避免了复杂的计算且不需繁杂的推导证明，简化了求解过程，求解步骤 清晰明了，将其应用在分析软件中更能起到事半功倍的效果，是对相似结构理论的进一 步充实和完善。 关键词：微分方程边值问题；边界条件；非齐次；相似结构；引解函数；核函数； 相似构造法 Abstract The impacts of each parts of the BVP (the equation and boundary conditions) on the structure of its solutions are analyzed for two non-homogeneous boundaries of the second-order homogeneous linear differential equation in this paper, which base on the theory of the solutions to the similar structure. A new method to solve such problems is presented which is defined as similar constructive method and the detailed examples and generalization for this method are given. The main contents are as follows: Firstly, two non-homogeneous boundaries of the second-order homogeneous linear differential equation are transformed into two boundary value problems which have only one non-homogeneous boundary condition. Secondly, the kernel function is generated by the function of guide and the coefficients of boundary value conditions based on constructing the function of guide and the generating function of solutions, and the kernel function and the coefficients of non-homogeneous boundary value conditions are assembled to obtain the solution to the boundary value problem which have only one non-homogeneous boundary condition. Then, the similar structures of the solution to the boundary value problem for two non-homogeneous boundary conditions are obtained by superposition principle, and the similar construction method for solving such problems is presented. On the basis of this, the similar construction method is used to solve the hydrocar