初中物理复习教学中实现“由特殊性向普遍性”过渡的目标的策略研究-学科教学(物理)专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 随着创新、信息社会的不断深入，新的教育理念不断出现，新 的教材和课程标准也已经出台，基础教育这个领域的改革在所难免。 但是，如何提高中考前的复习效率，一直都是大家研讨的问题。各学 校老师大多数仍沿用传统的复习方法：简单地将知识进行罗列，只是 简单地分析一些特殊情况，并且不太愿意尝试新的方法进行教学，所 以，学生缺乏复习的主动性，存在严重的依赖心理，知识结构是片段， 不能结成网，物理思维得不到培养，这严重制约了复习效率和学生的 各方面的发展。 针对这种现状，本文提出了一种从特殊性向普遍性过渡的初中复 习策略，这种策略具体是：利用生活体验、新旧知识的联结点和加减 思维，将学生的理解能力得到提高，能更全面的理解、分析现实生活 中的各种现象，简简单单的几个例子就可以让学生掌握，复习效率得 到提高。 本研究通过对除汇总物理复习过程的调查，分析若干成功和失败 案例，并通过这些案例总结出一些中考复习的策略用于指导复习过 程。论文中的案例都是笔者十年教学过程总结出了，希望能供给一线 教师参考，由此改进复习方法，提高复习效率。本文提出的复习策略 经过了一定范围的教学实践印证，取得了良好的效果。 关键词：特殊性，普遍性，复习，生活体验研究，同化，顺应， 加减思维，分合思维 I Abstract With the deepening of the innovation and information society, the new education ideas emerged, new teaching materials and curriculum standards have been introduced in this field, the reform of basic education can hardly be avoided. However, the issue on how to improve the review efficiency before senior high school entrance examination has been discussed by everyone. Most of the school teachers still use the traditional method of review: the knowledge on listing, analyze some special cases simply, and not willing to try new methods of teaching. So students are short of the initiative of review, psychological dependence exists seriously, knowledge structure is only the fragment, not the form network, physical thinking can not be trained, which severely restricted the review efficiency and students development in all aspects. In view of this situation, this paper presents the review strategy on how to transit from particularity to universality for junior high school. This strategy is: the life experience, connection point between the new and the old knowledge and the addition and subtraction thinking, the students understanding ability will be improved, students can analyze and understand more comprehensive phenomena in the real life. Several simple examples can make the students master and improve the review efficiency. Based on the survey in physical review process, analysis of some success and failure cases, and by using thes